C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m tr\u1ea3i qua c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: m\u1ecdc m\u1ea7m, ra l\u00e1, n\u1edf hoa, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1. N\u0103m n\u00e0y qua n\u0103m kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Ta d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi gian h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ecdc m\u1ea7m, m\u1ecdc l\u00e1, n\u1edf hoa, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00f3 n\u0103m s\u1edbm, n\u0103m mu\u1ed9n. V\u00ec sao l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf? \u0110\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u00ec t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u0103m kh\u00e1c nhau g\u00e2y n\u00ean. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft mu\u1ed9n hay s\u1edbm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh v\u00e0o m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch \u201cN\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u201d \u0111\u1eddi T \u00e2y H\u00e1n c\u00f3 n\u00f3i: “G\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a canh t\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u1edf th\u1eddi v\u1ee5”. T \u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u00f3i mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f9a th\u00ec then ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc c\u00e1c th\u1eddi gian th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 gieo gi\u1ed1ng, ch\u0103m b\u00f3n v\u00e0 thu ho\u1ea1ch. \u0110\u00e0m T \u01b0 T \u1ee9 th\u1eddi B\u1eafc Ng\u1ee5y trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch “T \u1ebf d\u00e2n y\u1ebfu thu\u1eadt” khi b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa c\u00f3 n\u00f3i: \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u00faa, th\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu\u1ea7n th\u00e1ng hai, khi l\u00e1 c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m ra hoa gieo gi\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, th\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu\u1ea7n th\u00e1ng ba \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ebft T hanh minh hoa \u0111\u00e0o th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1edf l\u00e0 th\u1eddi l\u1ec7nh t\u1ed1t v\u1eeba, th\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu\u1ea7n th\u00e1ng t\u01b0, l\u00fac c\u00e2y t\u00e1o ra l\u00e1, c\u00e2y d\u00e2u r\u1ee5ng hoa l\u00e0 th\u1eddi l\u1ec7nh ch\u1eadm nh\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf: thu\u1eadn theo th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba l\u1ee3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00edt d\u00f9ng s\u1ee9c m\u00e0 v\u1eabn thu ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn theo th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u00fd mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee7 quan \u0111\u1ec3 canh t\u00e1c th\u00ec s\u1ebd t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee9c m\u00e0 thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u1eabn \u00edt. T h\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u0103m 1962 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00f9ng Hoa B\u1eafc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1ea1nh. \u0110\u00e0o, m\u1eadn r\u1eebng, t\u1eed \u0111inh h\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t n\u1edf hoa ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n 10 ng\u00e0y so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1961, ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n 5 – 6 ng\u00e0y so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1960, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i \u00f4 B\u1eafc Kinh l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng gieo tr\u1ed3ng theo s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 n\u00e0y m\u00e0 v\u1eabn gieo gi\u1ed1ng, ch\u0103m b\u00f3n theo th\u00f3i quen n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ea5t m\u00f9a. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1eddi v\u1ee5, kh\u00f4ng n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u1eeda cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u quan s\u00e1t quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft. H\u1ecd l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 quan h\u1ec7 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c thu\u1ea7n ho\u00e1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p M\u1ef9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1eadp gi\u1ed1ng cam, qu\u00fdt, c\u00e2y du \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadu \u0111\u0169a T rung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eed ng\u01b0\u1eddi sang Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf c\u00e1c Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, thu th\u1eadp t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ef1 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, v.v.. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ed3ng cam v\u00e0 qu\u00fdt \u1edf bang California, di th\u1ef1c c\u00e2y du \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn bang Flori\u0111a, di th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eadu \u0111\u0169a \u0111\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n T rung v\u00e0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T \u00e2y n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, ti\u1ec3u m\u1ea1ch \u1edf M\u1ef9 b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh r\u1ea7y r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 n\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 nh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 gieo gi\u1ed1ng s\u1edbm, ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn khi lo\u00e0i b\u01b0\u1edbm g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 thu ho\u1ea1ch xong. Qua \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft quan tr\u1ecdng bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u00f4n khoa h\u1ecdc gi\u00fap n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f9a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T \u1eeb kho\u00e1: Khoa h\u1ecdc quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m tr\u1ea3i qua c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: m\u1ecdc m\u1ea7m, ra l\u00e1, n\u1edf hoa, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1. N\u0103m n\u00e0y qua n\u0103m kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Ta d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi gian h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ecdc […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10035","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-tu-nhien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10035","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10035"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10035\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10035"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10035"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10035"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}