\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p tai n\u1ea1n h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n, t\u0103ng th\u00eam thu ho\u1ea1ch m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng r\u1eafc ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c trong m\u00e2y khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ng\u00e0y nay v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mu\u1ed1n g\u00e2y m\u01b0a nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o th\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u00e2y m\u01b0a, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft m\u00e2y l\u00e0 do h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0ng k\u1ebft m\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. T h\u1ef1c ra m\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i: m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 “m\u00e2y l\u1ea1nh”. T o\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i m\u00e2y n\u00e0y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 0\u00b0C, lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “m\u00e2y n\u00f3ng”, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 lo\u1ea1i m\u00e2y n\u00e0y tr\u00ean 0\u00b0C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u00e2y l\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 do c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m do tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng l\u1eabn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 0\u00b0C, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean l\u00e0 tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh, ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n 0\u00b0C. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y l\u1ea1nh to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 do tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh n\u00f3i chung r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y l\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u00e2y l\u1ea1nh trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 v\u1eeba c\u00f3 gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng c\u00f9ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. V\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng, n\u1ebfu ta cho ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c v\u00e0o khi\u1ebfn cho trong \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng th\u00ec nh\u1eefng tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn cho nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng, khi\u1ebfn cho n\u00f3 to d\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ed1c l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee1 n\u1ed5i n\u1eefa, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi 0\u00b0C s\u1ebd tan th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc, bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a. Mu\u1ed1n khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c: m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 b\u0103ng kh\u00f4 (kh\u00ed cacbonic \u1edf th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn), n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong m\u00e2y, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng. M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t b\u0103ng, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f4ng k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh b\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c khi\u1ebfn cho h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong khu v\u1ef1c m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f4ng k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh b\u0103ng. Hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t b\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 b\u1ea1c io\u0111ua.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Khi d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y bay hay t\u00ean l\u1eeda, \u0111\u1ea1n ph\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c khinh kh\u00ed c\u1ea7u, ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai nh\u1edd lu\u1ed3ng gi\u00f3 n\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eafc ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c v\u00e0o m\u00e2y l\u1ea1nh, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i th\u00ec \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ec5 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u1ea5m kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u01b0a, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u00ec trong m\u00e2y tuy c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t m\u00e2y nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i thi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn. Ch\u1ec9 khi n\u00e0o trong m\u00e2y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u01a1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc to, nh\u1ecf kh\u00e1c nhau, qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c nhau m\u1edbi l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Cho n\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u1ea5m mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i cho ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c h\u00fat \u1ea9m, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 mu\u1ed1i \u0103n, n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i, canxi clorua, v.v.. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y bay, t\u00ean l\u1eeda, \u0111\u1ea1n ph\u00e1o, ho\u1eb7c khinh kh\u00ed c\u1ea7u r\u1eafc v\u00e0o m\u00e2y. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eafn ph\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y trong m\u00e2y \u1ea5m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u01b0a nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed g\u1ea7n 50 n\u0103m nay. Hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i m\u1edbi g\u00e2y th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. M\u1ea5y n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u01b0a nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u1edf T rung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ch\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1n th\u00ec c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T \u1eeb kho\u00e1: M\u01b0a nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o; B\u0103ng kh\u00f4; B\u1ea1c io\u0111ua.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p tai n\u1ea1n h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n, t\u0103ng th\u00eam thu ho\u1ea1ch m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng r\u1eafc ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c trong m\u00e2y khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ng\u00e0y nay v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Mu\u1ed1n g\u00e2y m\u01b0a nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10053","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-tu-nhien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10053","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10053"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10053\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10053"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10053"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10053"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}