M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft con giun s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u00fang b\u00f2 r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm, h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y \u0111i ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 bao. Nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cgiun d\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u00c2u – \u00c1 m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 tr\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda t\u00e2y ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giun d\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f4ng ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i giun d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda t\u00e2y c\u1ee7a l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u00c2u – \u00c1. Song nh\u1eefng con giun n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chui trong \u0111\u1ea5t, v\u00ec sao n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u00e0 lan truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng khi\u1ebfn cho nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u00f9a thu n\u0103m 1911, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc tr\u1ebb ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A. Wegener \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Mikhait\u01a1n vi\u1ebft, trong s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i giun n\u00e0y. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 Mikhait\u01a1n mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 khi\u1ebfn cho A. Wegener nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, khi xem b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda t\u00e2y ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng nam M\u1ef9 r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng nhau, ch\u1ed7 l\u1ed3i ra c\u1ee7a l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u0103n kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi ch\u1ed7 l\u00f5m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn cho \u00f4ng ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba hai b\u1edd c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i T \u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh li\u1ec1n nhau, v\u1ec1 sau do tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 m\u00e0 ph\u00e2n chia ra kh\u00f4ng? N\u1ebfu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 lo\u00e0i giun d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0110\u1ea1i T \u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Sau n\u00e0y \u00f4ng \u0111i theo \u00fd ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u0103m 1915 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 “L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba tr\u00f4i”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00d4ng cho r\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb th\u1eddi xa x\u01b0a T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 to\u00e0n l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba (Pangaea), bao v\u00e2y chung quanh l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba n\u00e0y l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ebf g\u1edbi (Panthlassa). Kho\u1ea3ng 200 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t sinh m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn khi\u1ebfn cho to\u00e0n l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1. Nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3ng v\u1ee1 ra ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 quay c\u1ee7a T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c h\u00fat c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c, n\u00ean tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 con t\u00e0u. C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 2 – 3 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i n\u00e0y tr\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean 7 ch\u00e2u, 4 bi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sau khi thuy\u1ebft l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba tr\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, b\u1ecb r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i, v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c to nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0m sao l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? Ngo\u00e0i ra v\u00ec l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Wegener b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1edfi tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ed1n \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 n\u0103m 1930 khi Wegener l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn K\u01a1langlan \u1edf Nam C\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng may b\u1ecb tai n\u1ea1n, khi\u1ebfn cho l\u00fd lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y m\u1ea5t \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu, do \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean \u0111i. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 60 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u quan tr\u1eafc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, khi\u1ebfn cho thuy\u1ebft l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba tr\u00f4i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i. Ng\u00e0y nay th\u00f4ng qua v\u1ec7 tinh \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: \u0110\u1ea1i T \u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 1,5 cm, qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Hawai tr\u00ean T h\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 5,1 cm x\u00edch g\u1ea7n v\u00e0o l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba Nam, B\u1eafc M\u1ef9, c\u00f2n ch\u00e2u \u00dac v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 \u0111ang t\u00e1ch xa nhau v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 1 cm h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m\u2026 C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ng\u00e0y nay h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i thuy\u1ebft l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba tr\u00f4i n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T \u1eeb kho\u00e1: Thuy\u1ebft l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba tr\u00f4i c\u1ee7a Wegener.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft con giun s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u00fang b\u00f2 r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm, h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y \u0111i ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 bao. Nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cgiun d\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u00c2u – \u00c1 m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 tr\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10085","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-tu-nhien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10085","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10085"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10085\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10085"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10085"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10085"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}