B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 r\u1ea5t y\u00ean t\u0129nh, cho n\u00ean h\u1ec5 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta lu\u00f4n cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ebfm th\u1ea5y. T h\u1ef1c ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t x\u1ea3y ra li\u00ean mi\u00ean. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 gi\u00f3, m\u01b0a l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Theo c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111o th\u00ec s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t sinh h\u00e0ng n\u0103m kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m tri\u1ec7u l\u1ea7n, b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t v\u1ea1n l\u1ea7n. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y \u0111o th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. S\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ebfn 99% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1. Nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng 1%, trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng 1.000 l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00ec sao T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u do v\u1ecf T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng. L\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng l\u1edbn, khi v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e1t sinh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng, c\u00f3 l\u00fac b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. Tuy m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn c\u00f2n tranh lu\u1eadn: l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u00ec th\u00ec c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch suy \u0111o\u00e1n. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 do t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 do l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1 ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean nhau. Nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t sinh \u1edf ch\u1ed7 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t. Khi l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t T r\u0103ng v\u00e0 M\u1eb7t T r\u1eddi, s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a \u00e1p su\u1ea5t t\u1ea7ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc (h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y v\u1ecf T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T h\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e8m theo n\u00fai l\u1eeda. Tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u00fai l\u1eeda. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n n\u00fai l\u1eeda ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ph\u00fan th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phun ra, th\u1ec3 t\u00edch gi\u00e3n n\u1edf \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ecf T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u00ec sao ta l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y l\u1ea7n?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n khi x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ra khi nhi\u1ec1u, khi \u00edt, ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00fac m\u1ea1nh, l\u00fac nh\u1eb9. T heo \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia l\u00e0m ba lo\u1ea1i: \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9, \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh. \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu khi\u1ebfn cho m\u00e1y \u0111o rung l\u00ean, \u0111\u00e8n \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 treo tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb chao \u0111\u1ea3o, \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho t\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1, nh\u00e0 s\u1eadp, s\u1ea1t n\u00fai\u2026. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ea5y gi\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 s\u1eadp c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u0103m 1976 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n T rung Qu\u1ed1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y tr\u00ean T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n m\u1ed7i n\u0103m ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra kho\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi 10 l\u1ea7n, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 l\u00fac n\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c d\u00e2n c\u01b0 th\u01b0a th\u1edbt, cho n\u00ean t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i g\u00e2y ra kh\u00f4ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng l\u1eafm. \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i, c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9 c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng g\u00ec. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t sinh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng (ch\u1ea5n ti\u00eau). Ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 lan truy\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh s\u00f3ng ra c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf trung t\u00e2m ngu\u1ed3n ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n s\u00f3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea3m y\u1ebfu r\u1ea5t nhanh, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1 ly nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ed7 ta \u1edf n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec ta n\u00f3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T \u1eeb kho\u00e1: \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t; Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t; S\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 r\u1ea5t y\u00ean t\u0129nh, cho n\u00ean h\u1ec5 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta lu\u00f4n cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ebfm th\u1ea5y. T h\u1ef1c ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t x\u1ea3y ra li\u00ean mi\u00ean. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 gi\u00f3, m\u01b0a l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Theo c\u00e1c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10097","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-tu-nhien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10097","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10097"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10097\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10097"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10097"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10097"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}