Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch sa m\u1ea1c \u1edf T rung Qu\u1ed1c kho\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n 70 v\u1ea1n km2, trong \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean 90% l\u00e0 \u1edf N\u1ed9i M\u00f4ng, Ninh H\u00e0, Cam T \u00fac, T \u00e2n C\u01b0\u01a1ng\u2026. C\u00e1c v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi sa m\u1ea1c c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 sa m\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng Sahara \u1edf ch\u00e2u Phi, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch h\u01a1n 8 tri\u1ec7u km2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00ec sao sa m\u1ea1c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, gi\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c t\u1ea1o ra sa m\u1ea1c, c\u00e1t l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh sa m\u1ea1c, c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n sa m\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i b\u00f9n c\u00e1t tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, khi\u1ebfn cho v\u1ecf T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u1ed9 ra l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e1 hoang v\u1eafng. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t c\u00e1t b\u1ecb gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i \u0111i, khi gi\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadt ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i th\u00ec ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee5n c\u00e1t, che ph\u1ee7 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o ta th\u1ea5y n\u1ed5i l\u00ean t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee3t nh\u01b0 s\u00f3ng bi\u1ec3n. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee5n c\u00e1t n\u00e0y to l\u1edbn, cao th\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c nhau. N\u00f3i chung cao t\u1eeb 20 – 30 m. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee5n c\u00e1t t\u1eeb b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00e0 x\u00e9t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tr\u0103ng khuy\u1ebft, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eafp theo m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng. \u0110\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u do gi\u00f3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean. T h\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c b\u00e3i \u0111\u00e1 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u00e3i c\u00e1t, th\u1ef1c ra ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1t, \u0111\u00e1 b\u1ecb phong ho\u00e1 m\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00e1t. V\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ed5 c\u00e1t ph\u1ee5, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1t cho sa m\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 v\u00f9ng n\u00e0o c\u00e1t c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u bay \u0111i m\u00e0 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2y c\u1ecf che ph\u1ee7 th\u00ec \u0111\u1ee5n c\u00e1t tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1edbi b\u1ecb gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i \u0111i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00f9ng gi\u00f3 t\u1eeb 15o – 35o v\u0129 b\u1eafc kh\u00ed \u00e1p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao, th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a \u00edt, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o, n\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i d\u1ec5 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh sa m\u1ea1c. Nhi\u1ec1u sa m\u1ea1c l\u1edbn n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 sa m\u1ea1c \u1edf \u1ea2 R\u1eadp, sa m\u1ea1c Sahara \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sa m\u1ea1c thu\u1ed9c khu v\u1ef1c \u00f4n \u0111\u1edbi. Nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch xa bi\u1ec3n, c\u00f3 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch n\u00fai c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00f3 bi\u1ec3n \u1ea9m th\u1ea5p th\u1ed5i v\u00e0o. Nh\u1eefng sa m\u1ea1c v\u00f9ng T \u00e2y B\u1eafc T rung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 sa m\u1ea1c nh\u01b0 v\u00f9ng T \u00e2y Nam ch\u00e2u Phi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh sa m\u1ea1c Namic\u00f4 g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea1i T \u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi gi\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n do kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng h\u1ea3i l\u01b0u l\u1ea1nh t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh lu\u1ed3ng gi\u00f3 l\u1ea1nh th\u1ed5i qua v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba n\u00f3ng, v\u00ec h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc bay m\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a, do \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y tuy l\u00e0 b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh sa m\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u00f2ng bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 h\u1ed3 trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 b\u00f9n c\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 cu\u1ed9i. N\u1ebfu v\u1ecf T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u1ed3 b\u1ecb kh\u00f4 \u0111i th\u00ec c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh sa m\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c sa m\u1ea1c. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sa m\u1ea1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y t\u1eebng l\u00e0 r\u1eebng r\u1eadm, b\u00e3i c\u1ecf v\u00e0 ru\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u00f9ng sa m\u1ea1c T \u00e2y B\u1eafc T rung Qu\u1ed1c x\u01b0a kia \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t canh t\u00e1c ph\u00ec nhi\u00eau v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 sau v\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 m\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh sa m\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh sa m\u1ea1c c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng, v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi m\u00e0 ch\u1eb7t ph\u00e1 c\u00e2y r\u1eebng, ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn sa m\u1ea1c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. Chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y l\u1ee3i, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 g\u00e2y n\u00ean sa m\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T \u1eeb kho\u00e1: H\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh sa m\u1ea1c; \u0110\u00e1 b\u1ecb phong ho\u00e1.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch sa m\u1ea1c \u1edf T rung Qu\u1ed1c kho\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n 70 v\u1ea1n km2, trong \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean 90% l\u00e0 \u1edf N\u1ed9i M\u00f4ng, Ninh H\u00e0, Cam T \u00fac, T \u00e2n C\u01b0\u01a1ng\u2026. C\u00e1c v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi sa m\u1ea1c c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 sa m\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng Sahara \u1edf ch\u00e2u Phi, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch h\u01a1n 8 tri\u1ec7u […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10157","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-tu-nhien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10157","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10157"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10157\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10157"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10157"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10157"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}