Virut m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi virut trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u00f3 th\u1eadt ra l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh nh\u01b0ng thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1o ra. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf “t\u00e0i n\u0103ng” c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 l\u1eadp ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh virut c\u00e0i v\u00e0o trong m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong \u0111\u0129a m\u1ec1m. M\u1ed9t khi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y th\u00ec nh\u1eb9 ra l\u00e0 tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u1eb7ng th\u00ec \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ho\u1eb7c x\u00f3a \u0111i ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng, g\u00e2y n\u00ean t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4n l\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Virut m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb M\u0129. Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 60 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u1ebb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty M\u0129 th\u01b0\u1eddng sau gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 lao v\u00e0o tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i m\u00e0 h\u1ecd t\u1ea1o ra: m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi so\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng nhau nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh h\u00e0i c\u1ee7a virut m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Virut m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 lan r\u1ea5t nhanh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ebfn nay \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m lo\u1ea1i virut. Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1984 sau khi l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra virut m\u00e1y t\u00ednh th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 lan tr\u00e0n kh\u1eafp l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba Trung Hoa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i virut t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea5y lo\u1ea1i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: virut ti\u1ec3u c\u1ea7u, virut \u0111\u1eadu m\u00f9a, virut th\u1ee9 6 \u0111en, virut Pakistan, virut 2 ch\u1ea5m, virut v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, virut s\u00e1t th\u1ee7 \u0111\u0129a t\u1eeb, virut Vienna, virut sinh s\u00f4i cu\u1ed3ng d\u1ea1i, virut CIH, v.v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Virut trong m\u00e1y t\u00ednh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00ednh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0m cho m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n sai l\u1ea7m, nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 ng\u00e0y 3 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1998 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a M\u0129 – Internet \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb virut \u0111\u1ed9t k\u00edch, khi\u1ebfn cho 6200 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh mini, tr\u1ea1m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c (workstations) b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m virut, g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t kinh t\u1ebf t\u1edbi 92 tri\u1ec7u USD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00ednh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m. C\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh virut c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, khi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y b\u1ecb l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m virut m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0129a m\u1ec1m mang virut th\u00ec m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb virut x\u00e2m h\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u0111\u0129a m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 virut \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 virut th\u00ec \u0111\u0129a m\u1ec1m n\u00e0y c\u0169ng s\u1ebd nhi\u1ec5m virut, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd lan truy\u1ec1n sang m\u00e1y kia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00ednh ti\u1ec1m ph\u1ee5c. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea9n n\u1ea5p m\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y, m\u1ea5y tu\u1ea7n, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u1ea5y th\u00e1ng, m\u1ea5y n\u0103m trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh: \u1ea9n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t. Khi \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t t\u00e1c nh\u01b0: \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ho\u1eb7c l\u1ecbch d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u1ed9t v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n th\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t t\u00e1c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 bom \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, virut m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i. N\u00f3 lan truy\u1ec1n trong m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00e1y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u01b0\u1ee3n danh t\u1eeb virut trong sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi t\u00ean n\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a: Virut m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Virut m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi virut trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u00f3 th\u1eadt ra l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh nh\u01b0ng thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1o ra. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf “t\u00e0i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10290","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-tin-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10290","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10290"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10290\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10290"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10290"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10290"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}