{"id":10390,"date":"2021-11-21T19:57:25","date_gmt":"2021-11-21T12:57:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=10390"},"modified":"2021-11-22T17:16:28","modified_gmt":"2021-11-22T10:16:28","slug":"tai-sao-chi-tren-mot-soi-quang-ma-hang-van-nguoi-co-the-cung-mot-luc-dam-thoai-voi-nhau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/tai-sao-chi-tren-mot-soi-quang-ma-hang-van-nguoi-co-the-cung-mot-luc-dam-thoai-voi-nhau\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ea1i sao ch\u1ec9 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i quang m\u00e0 h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac \u0111\u00e0m tho\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hi\u1ec7n nay s\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng. T\u1ea1i sao v\u1eady? Nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u1ee3i quang kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 c\u1ef1 li truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i xa, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh, ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t, l\u1ea1i nh\u1eb9; m\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i quang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e0m tho\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u00fac. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 m\u00e0 c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng x\u01b0a kia kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i. \u0110\u1ec3 thuy\u1ebft minh cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e0m tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi ta n\u00f3i \u1ed1ng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, \u00e2m thanh l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1eef \u00e2m, truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i t\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i s\u1edf t\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i. T\u1ea1i n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1eef \u00e2m th\u00e0nh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u quang th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng laze. Sau \u0111\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i t\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i b\u00ean ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee3i quang. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n nguy\u00ean nh\u1eefng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u quang n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1eef \u00e2m r\u1ed3i truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ed1ng nghe c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i. \u1ed0ng nghe c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1eef \u00e2m th\u00e0nh l\u1eddi n\u00f3i. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a ta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u ng\u1eef \u00e2m th\u00e0nh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u quang v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf (bi\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7u). N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng: thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u ng\u1eef \u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau th\u00e0nh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u quang c\u00f3 d\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i. Do d\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng quang l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng, r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n vi ba t\u1edbi 10 v\u1ea1n l\u1ea7n, r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n s\u00f3ng trung m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c tri\u1ec7u l\u1ea7n. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u d\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i l\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1i c\u00e0ng r\u1ed9ng th\u00ec l\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xe \u00f4 t\u00f4 cho ph\u00e9p l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn. X\u00e9t v\u1ec1 l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft, tr\u00ean d\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n r\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac \u0111\u00e0m tho\u1ea1i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i quang \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1edbi dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tho\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u ng\u1eef \u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u quang chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1eabn nhau, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00ed h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n th\u00f4ng tin \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00ec m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t huy t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng to l\u1edbn. M\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh th\u00ec s\u1ee3i quang c\u00f3 t\u00e0i gi\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5y c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a: S\u1ee3i quang; T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u s\u1ee3i quang; Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf (bi\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7u); Gi\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hi\u1ec7n nay s\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng. T\u1ea1i sao v\u1eady? Nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u1ee3i quang kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 c\u1ef1 li truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i xa, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh, ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t, l\u1ea1i nh\u1eb9; m\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10390","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-tin-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10390","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10390"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10390\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10390"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10390"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10390"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}