T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 OA, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 70 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX. N\u00f3 trang b\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng b\u1eb1ng khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, n\u00e2ng cao tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao khi\u1ebfn cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u00f4ng tin nhanh nh\u1ea1y, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i, quy\u1ebft s\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, n\u00f3i theo c\u00e1ch so s\u00e1nh. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh th\u00ec t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00f3 c\u0169ng s\u00e2u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hi\u1ec7n nay, nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn OA \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi con s\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n. V\u1eady th\u00ec OA \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1eady?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a OA c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia ra l\u00e0m ba giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1eed l\u00ed c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed h\u00f3a. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. Quy\u1ebft s\u00e1ch kinh doanh \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c thi, c\u00e1c tin t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xoay chuy\u1ec3n, th\u00f4ng tin l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cao c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb OA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi ba giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00eau tr\u00ean, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng OA c\u0169ng chia ra ba giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c ri\u00eang r\u1ebd nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y ph\u00f4t\u00f4coppi, m\u00e1y fax, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “OA ki\u1ec3u x\u1eed l\u00ed s\u1ef1 v\u1ee5”. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 hai, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh multimedia cao c\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin g\u1ed3m v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, \u00e2m thanh v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0o kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, cung c\u1ea5p t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00f4ng tin. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “OA ki\u1ec3u x\u1eed l\u00ed tin”. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 ba th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 t\u00ednh n\u00e2ng cao, dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn. Hi\u1ec7n nay k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt li\u00ean m\u1ea1ng (Internet) to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00eam m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u1eefng x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c chi nh\u00e1nh c\u00f4ng ty ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 kh\u00e1 th\u1ea5p. V\u00e0 n\u1eefa, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eefng tin tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng th\u1eadt l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng v\u00f4 t\u1eadn. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “OA ki\u1ec3u tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap quy\u1ebft s\u00e1ch”. Trung qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111ang ra s\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt OA giai \u0111o\u1ea1n hai v\u00e0 ba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea5y h\u00f3a. C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ghi ra gi\u1ea5y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ea1p v\u00e0o trong m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, x\u1eed l\u00ed th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ecf ra nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9nh l\u00ed nh\u1eefng v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao cho m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0m. Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh doanh \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u d\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng nhanh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a: T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 OA, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 70 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX. N\u00f3 trang b\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng b\u1eb1ng khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, n\u00e2ng cao tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao khi\u1ebfn cho […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10422","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-tin-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10422","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10422"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10422\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10422"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10422"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10422"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}