V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1973, t\u1eebng c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eb1m d\u1eadp t\u1eaft m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai l\u1eeda \u0111ang phun tr\u00e0o \u0111e do\u1ea1 b\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea3o Heimaey ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i Iceland. N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0110\u00f4ng nham th\u1ea1ch ch\u1ea3y ra ngay t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n t\u00ednh c\u1ea3 t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 l\u1edbp ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ngu\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng nham th\u1ea1ch ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o b\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o, cho ph\u00e9p n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i l\u1edbp nham th\u1ea1ch n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ecf b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c ch uy\u00ean gia t\u00ednh to\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nham th\u1ea1ch n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 cho nhi\u1ec1u nham th\u1ea1ch tr\u00e0n ra h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00e0n v\u00e0o h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia<\/a> lo ng\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o theo to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nham th\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 bon Hydro c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0i megaton, g\u00e2y th\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1 cho c\u00e1c h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c con s\u00f3ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd nh\u1ea5n ch\u00ecm c\u00e1c b\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng xung quanh v\u00e0nh \u0111ai B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng. K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ho\u00e3n l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a nham th\u1ea1ch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eefng l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i b\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng v\u1eabn h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai l\u1eeda ng\u1ea9m n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u. \u0110\u00e1 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai n\u00e0y ch\u1ea3y tr\u00e0n ra tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i, t\u1ea1o ra nham th\u1ea1ch g\u1ed1i. \u1ede \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 2000 m\u00e9t, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u01b0ng l\u00ean cao h\u01a1n, khi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m \u0111i, c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 n\u00e0y li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp x\u1ea3y ra. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fac n\u00fai l\u1eeda phun \u1edf Surtsey, m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i Iceland, c\u1ee9 3 ph\u00fat l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 t\u1eeb 20 \u0111\u1ebfn 40 kiloton.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1973, t\u1eebng c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eb1m d\u1eadp t\u1eaft m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai l\u1eeda \u0111ang phun tr\u00e0o \u0111e do\u1ea1 b\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea3o Heimaey ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i Iceland. N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0110\u00f4ng nham th\u1ea1ch ch\u1ea3y ra ngay t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n t\u00ednh c\u1ea3 t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[1,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10806","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10806","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10806"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10806\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10806"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10806"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10806"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}