Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch b\u1eb1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1eadt l\u00fd. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do v\u00ec sao m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c trung h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4n v\u1eadt l\u00fd, c\u00e1c em ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00e0 v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. M\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng nhau t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y nh\u00e9!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u2013 \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n v\u1eadt l\u00fd, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn, ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ef1 n\u1edf kh\u00e1c nhau. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c em \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u qua v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft chung. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1eabn s\u1ebd nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft h\u00f4m nay. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn \u2013 \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn. \u0110\u00e3 bao gi\u1edd, c\u00e1c em ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1, s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 hay ch\u01b0a? M\u1ecdi ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 xung quanh ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Th\u00ec v\u1eadt c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 n\u1edf ra v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng l\u00ean, ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn s\u1ebd n\u1edf ra v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i, ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn co l\u1ea1i v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta hay s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1edf ra v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i, ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ed1i khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng. C\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem qua nh\u1eefng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf l\u00ean d\u00e0i h\u01a1n, ho\u1eb7c to h\u01a1n t\u00f9y h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u1edbp 6, c\u00e1c em kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u qu\u00e1 k\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 n\u1edf kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 n\u1edf d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u00e0i t\u1eadp t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
G\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn, s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n ra khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng l\u00ean, th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1edf ra. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i, th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3m. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng n\u1edf ra khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng co l\u1ea1i khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00ec ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ef1ng trong v\u1eadt l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn. N\u00ean khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn cho ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f3 nh\u1eadn ra h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf \u2013 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n k\u1ef9 h\u01a1n. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do, ch\u00fang ta \u00edt nh\u1ea5t ra \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y. C\u00e1c em c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c em ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1edb k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. V\u1eadt l\u00fd 6 ch\u01b0a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c em hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng cao n\u1edf ra v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 n\u1edf kh\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 cho s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y. Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo t\u1eebng kho\u1ea3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c em n\u00ean nh\u1edb v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh. C\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean l\u1edbp c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y c\u00f4 gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed n\u1edf ra khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i, ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed co l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft chung v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1ed1ng nhau. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau. Ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay. Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng trong nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng. Khi ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng l\u00ean th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1edfng ray t\u00e0u s\u1eaft \u2013 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1eady, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft. Khe h\u1edf \u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray xe l\u1eeda kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a> ra nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray xe l\u1eeda l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng s\u1eaft gi\u00e3n n\u1edf ra. Khe h\u1edf n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp s\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng d\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y nh\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c em n\u00ean ghi nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u. Tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y qua nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u1eefng chai n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt ho\u1eb7c chai bia th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea7y. B\u1edfi khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng cao, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng s\u1ebd gi\u00e3n n\u1edf. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea7y chai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho chai b\u1ecb tr\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed5. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ngo\u00e0i ra khi ch\u00fang ta \u0111un n\u01b0\u1edbc, khi \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e0o ra. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua khinh kh\u00ed c\u1ea7u. Nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc khinh kh\u00ed c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bay l\u00ean nh\u1edd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1t n\u00f3ng gi\u00e3n n\u1edf ra. Khi\u1ebfn cho khinh kh\u00ed c\u1ea7u nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bay l\u00ean cao. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khinh kh\u00ed c\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c quan s\u00e1t thi\u00ean v\u0103n. Ngo\u00e0i ra vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 n\u1edf v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang t\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y. Hy v\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c em d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp<\/a> h\u01a1n. C\u1ea3m \u01a1n c\u00e1c em \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3n \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft. Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i v<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch b\u1eb1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1eadt l\u00fd. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do v\u00ec sao m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c trung h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4n v\u1eadt l\u00fd, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[4,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1221","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-trung-hoc","category-vat-ly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1221","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1221"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1221\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1221"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1221"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1221"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}