Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 n\u0103ng bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng v\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u0103ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c em h\u1ecdc sinh<\/a> l\u1edbp 8 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng. V\u1eady nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? N\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 n\u0103ng hay kh\u00f4ng? Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1eadt l\u00fd 8 s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho c\u00e1c em. T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi m\u1ebb s\u1ebd l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u1edf mang ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c em nh\u1eefng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. C\u00e1c em h\u00e3y tham kh\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y nh\u00e9!<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u01a1 n\u0103ng ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u1edf b\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c sinh ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadt di chuy\u1ec3n. Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a trong b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n v\u1eadt l\u00fd, nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o l\u00ean v\u1eadt. Nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 sinh ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadt di chuy\u1ec3n. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, khi v\u1eadt di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f3 sinh ra m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi b\u1ea1n c\u1ecd x\u00e1t m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt, v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng sinh ra nhi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o l\u00ean v\u1eadt. M\u1ecdi v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng v\u00ec c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o l\u00ean v\u1eadt lu\u00f4n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng. Khi v\u1eadt di chuy\u1ec3n, c\u1ecd x\u00e1t, c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u00e0y c\u00f2n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng nhanh h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do v\u00ec sao sinh ra nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng \u1edf v\u1eadt. Ta ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00f4i khi v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt t\u0103ng th\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng c\u0169ng t\u0103ng. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng so v\u1edbi c\u01a1 n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang t\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y. Nh\u1eefng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u00e1c em kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y qua nh\u1eefng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c em n\u00ean h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1eadn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y. Khi v\u1eadt n\u00f3ng l\u00ean ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 v\u1eadt \u0111ang sinh ra nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o b\u00e0i t\u1eadp tr\u00ean l\u1edbp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t. Nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh ra \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi khi v\u1eadt th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t cho v\u1eadt s\u1ebd gi\u00fap nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt t\u0103ng l\u00ean. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng cho v\u1eadt. C\u00e1c em c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m chi ti\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y nh\u00e9!<\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng. Ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m cho v\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c l\u00ean v\u1eadt. Khi \u0111\u00f3, v\u1eadt s\u1ebd t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng. V\u1eadt di chuy\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o n\u00ean v\u1eadt c\u0169ng di chuy\u1ec3n nhanh h\u01a1n. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt t\u0103ng l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi v\u1eadt d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u1ecd x\u00e1t v\u1eadt. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ecd x\u00e1t mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng. Sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean n\u00f3ng h\u01a1n. L\u00fac n\u00e0y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Ta n\u00f3i, nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. V\u1edbi c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m n\u00e0y, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ho\u1eb7c ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1eed th\u1ea3 r\u01a1i vi\u00ean bi theo m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng nghi\u00eang. Vi\u00ean bi sau hi di chuy\u1ec3n, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ecd x\u00e1t v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng. Vi\u00ean bi s\u1ebd n\u00f3ng l\u00ean. Nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a vi\u00ean bi t\u0103ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1c. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/p>\n\n\n\n Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng, truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt. Truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n khi\u1ebfn cho v\u1eadt n\u00f3ng l\u00ean m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadt ng\u00e2m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng truy\u1ec1n sang v\u1eadt m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec. V\u1eadt s\u1ebd t\u1eeb t\u1eeb n\u00f3ng l\u00ean. Nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt c\u0169ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 sau khi ng\u00e2m. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt c\u00e0ng cao th\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, khi v\u1eadt d\u1ea7n ngu\u1ed9i \u0111i. Nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt gi\u1ea3m. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Ng\u00e2m v\u1eadt v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1nh, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng. Ta n\u00f3i nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fac n\u00e0y \u0111ang gi\u1ea3m \u0111i so v\u1edbi ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng. C\u00e1c em c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec. Nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng v\u1eadt nh\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t \u0111i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c em s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i t\u1eadp li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra. C\u00e1c em c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Q. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 Jun k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 J. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn trong b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy \u0111\u1ed5i cho nhau. Trong b\u00e0i t\u1eadp tr\u00ean l\u1edbp, c\u00e1c em c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i quy \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u2013 Nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Trong b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 sau: Q = m . c . \u2206t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong \u0111\u00f3 m l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u00e0 kg. K\u00ed hi\u1ec7u c l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u00e0 J\/kg.K. C\u00f2n \u2206t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt khi v\u1eadt t\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u1edbp 8 c\u00e1c em ch\u01b0a c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c em hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n L\u01b0u \u00fd trong c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1c em c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho 1kg ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 t\u0103ng th\u00eam 1 \u0111\u1ed9 C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2206t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 hay n\u00f3i kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ( \u0110\u1ed9 C ho\u1eb7c K )<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2206t = t2 \u2013 t1<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2206t > 0 : v\u1eadt to\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2206t < 0 : v\u1eadt thu nhi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u01b0u \u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c em gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec. M\u00e0 h\u01a1n c\u1ea3, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c em nh\u1eefng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c em n\u00ean ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang nh\u1ea5t nh\u00e9!<\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec. Hy v\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c em l\u00e0m b\u00e0i v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp<\/a> t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c em h\u00e3y nh\u1edb c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u00e0i chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, tr\u00ean trang ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1eadt l\u00fd 8. C\u00e1c em h\u00e3y tham kh\u1ea3o ngay<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 n\u0103ng bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng v\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u0103ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c em h\u1ecdc sinh l\u1edbp 8 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng. V\u1eady nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? N\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 n\u0103ng hay kh\u00f4ng? Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[4,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1229","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-trung-hoc","category-vat-ly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1229","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1229"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1229\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1229"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1229"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1229"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}