{"id":13538,"date":"2021-11-27T12:49:14","date_gmt":"2021-11-27T05:49:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=13538"},"modified":"2021-11-27T12:49:14","modified_gmt":"2021-11-27T05:49:14","slug":"tia-x-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/tia-x-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Tia X l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 1 &#8211; Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u0103m 1895, nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ean l\u00e0 Wilhelm Roent- gen \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra tia X. Do \u0111\u00f3, thay v\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tia X ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi tia Roentgen \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb c\u00f4ng \u01a1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tia X c\u00f3 t\u00ednh xuy\u00ean th\u1ea5u gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tia s\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u00f3 kh\u00e1c tia s\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i s\u00f3ng ng\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb \u1ed1ng tia X ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ng\u00e0n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i s\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a tia s\u00e1ng m\u00e0u l\u1ee5c. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i s\u00f3ng c\u1ef1c ng\u1eafn, tia X c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xuy\u00ean th\u1ea5u qua nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0 tia s\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 xuy\u00ean qua. \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i s\u00f3ng c\u00e0ng ng\u1eafn th\u00ec m\u1ee9c xuy\u00ean th\u1ea5u c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tia X \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb \u1ed1ng tia X (X ray tube), kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat ra kh\u1ecfi \u1ed1ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng). Trong \u1ed1ng &#8211; th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y tinh &#8211; c\u00f3 hai \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c. M\u1ed9t g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ca-t\u1ed1t (c\u1ef1c \u00e2m) ch\u1ee9a \u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec7n. B\u00ean trong c\u1ef1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00f5i b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y \u201ctung-ten\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb hun n\u00f3ng b\u1eb1ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ebf ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t electron \u0111i. C\u1ef1c kia g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ca-n\u1ed1t\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u00e1c x\u1ea1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t electron \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eafn t\u1eeb \u201cca-t\u1ed1t\u201d sang m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u201ca-n\u1ed1t\u201d v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00ec s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u201cca-t\u1ed1t\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ca-n\u1ed1t\u201d. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb 96.000 km t\u1edbi 280.000 km\/gi\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau (a-n\u1ed1t) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ecfi hay m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y tung-ten c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u201cth\u1eafng g\u1ea5p\u201d c\u00e1c \u201cvi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n\u201d electron. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c electron n\u00e0y s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t, ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh tia X v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t ra khe mi\u1ec7ng \u1ed1ng ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bao gi\u1edd t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi: l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u00e0 v\u1edbi tia X l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ebf ch\u1ee5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh ph\u1ed5i, x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n? H\u00ecnh quang tuy\u1ebfn X tr\u00ean phim th\u1eadt ra ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00e1i b\u00f3ng\u201d (shade) c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tia X r\u1ecdi v\u00e0o. Tia X xuy\u00ean qua ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ecdi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u201cc\u00e1i b\u00f3ng\u201d c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean phim. Phim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ebft \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u201cb\u1eaft h\u00ecnh\u201d th\u00ec \u0111em \u201ctr\u00e1ng\u201d nh\u01b0 phim th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eady. X\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec tia X xuy\u00ean qua d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng th\u00ec s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean phim c\u00e1i b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u00e0y nay, X quang gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong y khoa, khoa h\u1ecdc, k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 h\u1eefu \u00edch nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 1 &#8211; Arkady Leokum N\u0103m 1895, nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ean l\u00e0 Wilhelm Roent- gen \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra tia X. Do \u0111\u00f3, thay v\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tia X ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi tia Roentgen \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb c\u00f4ng \u01a1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13538","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13538","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13538"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13538\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13538"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13538"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13538"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}