T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 1 – Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1edf giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00e1nh l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u1ed1c r\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9? \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y b\u00ea t\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a r\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9? L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o b\u00ea t\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a tr\u1ea3i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i xe t\u0103ng 40 t\u1ea5n ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u00fan, b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t? Ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 ph\u00f9 ph\u00e9p g\u00ec b\u00ed \u1ea9n \u0111\u00e2u. C\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ed5 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a xu\u1ed1ng r\u1ed3i cho xe lu n\u1eb7ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c t\u1ea5n l\u0103n t\u1edbi l\u0103n lui. B\u00e1nh xe lu s\u1ebd \u00e9p c\u00e1t, \u0111\u00e1, nh\u1ef1a\u2026 th\u00e0nh kh\u1ed1i c\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e0ng \u00e9p, c\u00e0ng c\u1ee9ng, c\u00f3 v\u1eady th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ec5 \u1ee3t v\u00ec nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng xin nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh: nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc – c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc xe lu c\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eady th\u00f4i. C\u00e1ch nay h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f2n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed9i \u0111i t\u1eeb t\u1eeb \u1ea5y m\u00e0, th\u00ec \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e1 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay, \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f2n s\u1ec1n s\u1ec7t. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, s\u1ee9c \u00e9p l\u1edbn. Ch\u1ea5t carbon ch\u1ecbu s\u1ee9c \u00e9p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00e1i m\u00e0 ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ckim c\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee9ng nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay ta bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 m\u00e0 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ea1ch l\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu v\u1eadt b\u1ecb v\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 v\u1ebft, tr\u1ea7y x\u01b0\u1edbc trong khi \u1ea5y kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 h\u1ea5n g\u00ec th\u00ec c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1eadt kia m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng. N\u0103m 1820, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ean l\u00e0 Mohs \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y: \u00d4ng x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee9ng: 1 – talc (m\u1ec1m nh\u1ea5t), 2 – gypsum, 3 – calcite, 4 – fluorite, 5 – apatit, 6 – fedspar, 7 – quartz, 8 – topaz, 9 – corundum, 10 – diamond (kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u1ea5y v\u1edbi nhau? Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y theo b\u1ea3ng x\u1ebfp lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ean th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a corundum \u0111\u1ee9ng h\u1ea1ng ch\u00edn v\u00e0 kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng h\u1ea1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng gi\u1eefa hai h\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y th\u00ec l\u1edbn h\u01a1n s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa h\u1ea1ng 9 v\u00e0 h\u1ea1ng 1. Do \u0111\u00f3 kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee9ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7t ra: n\u1ebfu kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec l\u1ea5y g\u00ec m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebdo g\u1ecdt n\u00f3? Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebdo g\u1ecdt kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng. Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01b0a b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i c\u01b0a c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee1i l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1ecf x\u00edu. Th\u1eadt ra, trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1c b\u00e0n quay, xay, c\u1eaft b\u1eb1ng kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 m\u00e0i \u1ed1ng k\u00ednh (m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh), \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, thau, c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u1eaft ki\u1ebfng. Ng\u00e0y nay h\u01a1n 80% kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 1 – Arkady Leokum B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1edf giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00e1nh l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u1ed1c r\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9? \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n, b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y b\u00ea t\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a r\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9? L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o b\u00ea t\u00f4ng nh\u1ef1a tr\u1ea3i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13557","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13557","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13557"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13557\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13557"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13557"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13557"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}