T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 1 – Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Acid c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng toan. Toan c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 chua, c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadm, m\u1ea1nh. N\u00f3i n\u00f4m na ra l\u00e0 chua\u2026 ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng xin hi\u1ec3u theo ngh\u0129a \u0111en. V\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft do acid g\u00e2y ra th\u00ec th\u1eadt l\u00e0 kinh kh\u1ee7ng. Acid l\u00e0m ch\u00e1y qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, l\u00e0m ch\u00e1y da th\u1ecbt, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng ti\u00eau lu\u00f4n. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1eaft th\u00e9p m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ch\u1ecbu thua acid. Do \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi nghe n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn acid l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edfn gai \u1ed1c. \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 acid r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f4i. Trong th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ta d\u00f9ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu g\u00ec acid. Ngay trong bao t\u1eed c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec7n gi\u1edd c\u0169ng \u0111ang c\u00f3 acid \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n tin kh\u00f4ng? V\u00e0 c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu g\u00ec lo\u1ea1i acid \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, s\u01a1n, thu\u1ed1c u\u1ed1n t\u00f3c, kem b\u00f4i da v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. B\u1edfi v\u1eady n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng acid l\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch, l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u00f3i\u2026 b\u1eady!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 acid nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n l\u00e0m hai lo\u1ea1i: acid h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 acid v\u00f4 c\u01a1. Ta th\u1eed xem \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Acid sulfuric l\u00e0 acid r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m, ch\u01b0a c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i h\u01a1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 th\u00f4i th\u00ec c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u201cm\u1ec7t\u201d v\u1edbi n\u00f3 r\u1ed3i. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n h\u00edt, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, g\u1ea7n n\u00f3 th\u00f4i th\u00ec m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng \u201cb\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed3i\u201d. Acid clohydric l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t acid kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a acid sulfuric v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i \u0103n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c acid kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 lau kim lo\u1ea1i. Trong th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t \u00edt acid n\u00e0y \u1edf n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap cho s\u1ef1 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n. Acid nitric c\u0169ng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i acid m\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i m\u1eaft v\u00e0 da. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 acid boric l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 acid r\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu. T\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00dd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c acid n\u00e0y trong thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean. Acid n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed1m, ciment, b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u, m\u1ef9 ph\u1ea9m. \u0111\u00f4i khi n\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o thu\u1ed1c ng\u1eeba thai, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean d\u00f9ng n\u00f3 v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y. Acid carbonic l\u00e0 do th\u00e1n kh\u00ed – t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00ed carbon dioxid – c\u00f3 trong kh\u00f3i xe h\u01a1i, xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng x\u0103ng d\u1ea7u th\u1ea3i ra. Trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt c\u00f3 \u201cga\u201d c\u0169ng c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed carbon dioxid nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t \u00edt. Acid assenic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Acid h\u1eefu c\u01a1 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea1nh b\u1eb1ng acid v\u00f4 c\u01a1. D\u1ea5m \u0103n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i acid. \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 acid acetic. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u1ea1o ra acid n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho l\u00ean men c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y nh\u01b0 t\u00e1o, chu\u1ed1i\u2026 \u0102n Yaourt b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y c\u00e1i v\u1ecb chua chua, ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng? \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 acid lactic. Acid amin r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. V\u00e0 acid n\u00e0y do protein trong th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 ra. Cam, t\u00e1o, nho, chanh\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9a acid ascorbic – t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 vitamin C. Trong gan tr\u1ee9ng, th\u1ecbt b\u00f2 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a acid nicotinic gi\u00fap ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 da.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng nh\u00e0 acid c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n n\u1eefa k\u00eca. H\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f3, t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3. H\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng xong. Acid clohydric ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e1 bao t\u1eed l\u1ee7ng li\u1ec1n. C\u00f3 th\u1ee9 acid \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, h\u1ecd nh\u00e0 acid kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n t\u00ed n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 1 – Arkady Leokum Acid c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng toan. Toan c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 chua, c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadm, m\u1ea1nh. N\u00f3i n\u00f4m na ra l\u00e0 chua\u2026 ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng xin hi\u1ec3u theo ngh\u0129a \u0111en. V\u00e0 c\u00e1i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13575","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13575","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13575"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13575\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13575"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13575"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13575"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}