T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 1 – Arkady Leokum \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 c\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m r\u1ed3i m\u00e0 ta v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec. Ng\u00e0y nay t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch. Theo nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c electron hay l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201celectricity\u201d (\u0111i\u1ec7n) l\u00e0 do ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p \u201celectron\u201d. \u0111\u1ed1 b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft \u201celectron\u201d theo ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ed5 ph\u00e1ch, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng n\u00e2u th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed3 trang s\u1ee9c. Ngay t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hy L\u1ea1p \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft l\u1ea5y c\u1ee5c h\u1ed5 ph\u00e1ch ch\u00e0 ch\u00e0 v\u00e0o v\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat l\u00e0 c\u1ee5c h\u1ed5 ph\u00e1ch \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng mi\u1ebfng \u201clie\u201d (b\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m n\u00fat chai) hay gi\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u1ea5y cho m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1672, s\u1ef1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng ti\u1ebfn th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o. N\u0103m 1729, Stephen Gray nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n, truy\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y sang ch\u1ed7 kia, nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cd\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n\u201d. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ee7y tinh, l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh, h\u1ed5 ph\u00e1ch, s\u00e1p ong kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cc\u1ea3n\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cc\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n ra n\u0103m 1733 khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p t\u00ean l\u00e0 Du Fay kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch d\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u00e0 \u00f4ng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 hai th\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh Benjamin Franklin \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec. \u00d4ng cho r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u trong thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 \u201cch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111i\u1ec7n\u201d. C\u1ecd x\u00e1t hai v\u1eadt v\u00e0o nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho \u201cch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111i\u1ec7n\u201d t\u1eeb v\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u201cch\u1ea3y\u201d sang v\u1eadt kia. Ng\u00e0y nay ta n\u00f3i c\u00e1i \u201cch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111i\u1ec7n\u201d \u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c electron mang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u00e2m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f3 l\u1ebd s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong khoa \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t v\u1edbi b\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n (battery) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Alexandro Volta (ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd) s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf n\u0103m 1800. B\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. V\u00e0 ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 1 – Arkady Leokum \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 c\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m r\u1ed3i m\u00e0 ta v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec. Ng\u00e0y nay t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13642","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13642","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13642"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13642\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13642"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13642"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13642"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}