T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 2 – Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Cho d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng phun l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng tia n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn, cao, m\u1ea1nh th\u00ec gi\u1ebfng phun (geyser) c\u0169ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean. Gi\u1ebfng phun th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t su\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng. Nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00ednh su\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u0111\u00e1ng \u201cm\u00ea\u201d r\u1ed3i. \u1eea th\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u201ch\u1ed1\u201d trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng. Nh\u01b0ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u ra? t\u1ea1i sao n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i n\u00f3ng? t\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c – n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 su\u1ed1i phun?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gi\u1ebfng phun v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u00ec gi\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nhau c\u1ea3. \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u201ch\u1ed1\u201d c\u00f3 \u201c\u1ed1ng\u201d d\u1eabn t\u1eeb tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t xu\u1ed1ng ch\u1ed7 ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u00e2u trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t. N\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u00e0 do ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc do tuy\u1ebft, n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1 ch\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 ng\u1ea5m xu\u1ed1ng. ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u00e2u, th\u1eadt s\u00e2u trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e1 r\u1ea5t n\u00f3ng. \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 ph\u00fan xu\u1ea5t th\u1ea1ch ch\u01b0a ngu\u1ed9i m\u00e0 ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cmagma\u201d (ch\u1ea5t nh\u00e3o). Nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e1 theo c\u00e1c k\u1ebd n\u1ee9t tho\u00e1t ra g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c h\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m. th\u1ebf l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb \u0111un n\u00f3ng, s\u00f4i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00f4i n\u1eefa. H\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, c\u1ee9 nh\u00ecn c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e1y xe l\u1eeda ch\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec bi\u1ebft. Nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e1 n\u00f3ng theo c\u00e1c k\u1ebd n\u1ee9t ngo\u1eb1n ngo\u00e8o m\u1edbi g\u1eb7p h\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng theo c\u00e1c k\u1ebd n\u1ee9t ngo\u1eb1n ngo\u00e8o, h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u201cchui\u201d d\u1ea7n l\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u1ed1 ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phun th\u1eb3ng b\u0103ng l\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00ec ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 gi\u1ebfng phun n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4i ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ebfng phun n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng. tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u1eb1n ngo\u00e8o nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c h\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng n\u00f3ng, c\u0169ng s\u00f4i l\u00ean. H\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u \u201cph\u00f2ng tr\u1ed1ng\u201d ch\u1edb kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng s\u1ee9c \u00e9p r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c l\u1edbp n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00ean tr\u00ean cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00e0o g\u1eb7p ch\u1ed7 h\u1edf, v\u00e0 \u201cx\u00ec\u201d ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec \u00e1p l\u1ef1c h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1edbi gi\u1ea3m. N\u00f3 \u201cx\u00ec\u201d ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3 phun n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t. Gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn c\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c d\u1ed3n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c khe n\u1ee9t cho \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 cao, n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i \u201cx\u00ec\u201d l\u1ea1i phun ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i. Nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 phun mau hay ch\u1eadm l\u00e0 t\u00f9y \u00e1p su\u1ea5t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t t\u0103ng mau hay ch\u1eadm. \u0111\u00f3, gi\u1ebfng phun n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng l\u00e0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00f3! \u0111\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i h\u1ec5 c\u00f3 m\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u01b0a! \u0111\u00e3 khi n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n \u0111i m\u00e1y bay v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bay \u0111\u00f3 bay \u201clu\u1ed3n\u201d v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y ch\u01b0a? Ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 khi n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n l\u00ean n\u00fai cao, b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y m\u00e2y \u201cqu\u1ea5n qu\u00edt\u201d l\u1ea5y b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a? N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec ch\u1eafc b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u m\u00e2y l\u00e0 g\u00ec r\u1ed3i ch\u1edb? m\u00e2y, th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9. ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec \u00edt, l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. m\u00f9a h\u00e8, trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01a1n v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4ng h\u1ed3, bi\u1ec3n b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i nhi\u1ec1u. Khi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u201c\u0111\u1eb7c\u201d l\u1ea1i (bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf li ti), l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e3o h\u00f2a h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d. Khi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng b\u00e3o h\u00f2a h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ed1c l\u00ean cao, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u00e3o h\u00f2a \u201c\u0111\u1eb7c\u201d th\u00eam m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat n\u1eefa, th\u1ebf l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh m\u00e2y. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u00e3o h\u00f2a h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh gi\u1ecdt li ti, th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1eady. N\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng th\u00ec sao? th\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c thay h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ea1ng. H\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1eb7p l\u1ea1nh t\u1ee5 th\u00e0nh m\u00e2y. m\u00e2y g\u1eb7p h\u01a1i n\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u01b0ng khi th\u00e0nh m\u00e2y, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u201c\u0111\u1eb7c\u201d l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt li ti, v\u00e0 d\u00f9 l\u00e0 li ti th\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u0169ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1edb. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 b\u1ecb tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c – t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c h\u00fat c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t – k\u00e9o xu\u1ed1ng. Xu\u1ed1ng, xu\u1ed1ng n\u1eefa. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi, m\u00e2y – t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc li ti – l\u1ea1i b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i. th\u1ebf l\u00e0, b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea5y, c\u00f3 m\u00e2y m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 m\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady. Ch\u01b0a r\u1edbt xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea1i b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i n\u1eefa r\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u01b0ng, n\u1ebfu r\u1edbt xu\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng m\u00e0 g\u1eb7p l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u1ea9m th\u00ec sao? t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc li ti n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00e0 thay v\u00ec b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i, gi\u1ecdt li ti n\u1ecd \u0111\u1ee5ng gi\u1ecdt li ti kia. Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e2y h\u00f3a \u201c\u0111\u1eb7c\u201d th\u00eam, gi\u1ecdt li ti c\u00e0ng l\u00fac c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn th\u00eam. Ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1c, gi\u1ecdt nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh gi\u1ecdt l\u1edbn, n\u1eb7ng th\u00eam v\u00e0 r\u1edbt xu\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 2 – Arkady Leokum Cho d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng phun l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng tia n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn, cao, m\u1ea1nh th\u00ec gi\u1ebfng phun (geyser) c\u0169ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean. Gi\u1ebfng phun th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t su\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13720","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13720","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13720"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13720\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13720"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13720"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13720"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}