{"id":13860,"date":"2021-11-27T13:43:50","date_gmt":"2021-11-27T06:43:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=13860"},"modified":"2021-11-27T13:43:51","modified_gmt":"2021-11-27T06:43:51","slug":"con-mat-duoc-cau-tao-nhu-the-nao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/con-mat-duoc-cau-tao-nhu-the-nao\/","title":{"rendered":"Con m\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 2 &#8211; Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a ta gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i m\u00e1y ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh. Hay n\u00f3i \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng theo c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a con m\u1eaft. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u201cc\u1eeda\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng hay h\u1eb9p cho \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u00e0n v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u hay \u00edt. \u201cKh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9\u201d c\u1ee7a con m\u1eaft l\u00e0 c\u00e1i m\u1ed1ng m\u1eaft, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ea5u k\u00ednh h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u201cphim\u201d b\u1eaft h\u00ecnh &#8211; t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00f5ng m\u1ea1c &#8211; \u0111\u1ec3 ghi, gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong m\u1ed7i con m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a ta c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 130 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ea3m quang. Khi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng r\u1ecdi v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u00e0y, t\u1ee9c th\u00ec n\u00f3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t ngay trong ch\u00ednh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh. S\u1ef1 k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cth\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7n kinh nh\u00e3n truy\u1ec1n t\u1edbi trung t\u00e2m th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c \u1edf n\u00e3o b\u1ed9. N\u00e3o \u201cnh\u1eadn ra\u201d v\u1eadt g\u00ec qua th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p g\u1edfi t\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 xong m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u201cnh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con m\u1eaft h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u. Ph\u00eda m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1c m\u00f4 th\u1ea5u quang h\u00ecnh b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u l\u1ed3i ra ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i. Kho\u1ea3ng trung t\u00e2m ph\u00eda sau c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1c m\u00f4 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i l\u1ed7 h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed (n\u00f4m na l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u01a1i). Nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o con ng\u01b0\u01a1i ta th\u1ea5y m\u00e0u \u0111en v\u00ec ta nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u1eaft. \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng qua con ng\u01b0\u01a1i v\u00e0o th\u1ea5u k\u00ednh. Th\u1ea5u k\u00ednh h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o n\u00ean h\u00ecnh \u1edf v\u00f5ng m\u1ea1c. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee5p h\u00ecnh th\u00ec phim l\u00e0 v\u00f5ng m\u1ea1c. \u1ede m\u1eaft, v\u00f5ng m\u1ea1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e0n l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ea3m quang. Xung quanh con ng\u01b0\u01a1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed1ng m\u1eaft c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng tr\u00f2n l\u1ed3i nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i b\u00e1nh r\u00e1n m\u00e0u thi\u00ean thanh l\u1ee5c hay n\u00e2u. M\u1ed1ng m\u1eaft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu h\u1eb9p hay m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh. Khi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh, nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 k\u00e9p d\u00e3n m\u1ed1ng m\u1eaft, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1eeda con ng\u01b0\u01a1i thu nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u00edt \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng l\u1ecdt v\u00e0o. Khi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng y\u1ebfu, con ng\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1edf l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng l\u1ecdt v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To\u00e0n nh\u00e3n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao quanh b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00e0ng c\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f4 (c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7ng m\u1ea1c &#8211; sclera). Tr\u00f2ng m\u1eaft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f4. Ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft, c\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f4 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e0ng th\u1ea5u quang. Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u00e1c m\u00f4. Kho\u1ea3ng gi\u1eefa gi\u00e1c m\u00f4 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1ng m\u1eaft ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, trong veo, v\u1ecb m\u1eb7n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1ee7y tinh d\u1ecbch. Ch\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng gian ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5t d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea5u k\u00ednh. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea5u k\u00ednh kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa n\u1eb1m ph\u00eda sau con ng\u01b0\u01a1i. Ta xem xem c\u00e1i g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra khi th\u1ea5u k\u00ednh n\u00e0y thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ea1ng. Khi ta nh\u00ecn v\u1eadt \u1edf g\u1ea7n th\u1ea5u k\u00ednh n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u00e0y h\u01a1n. Khi ta nh\u00ecn xa, th\u1ea5u k\u00ednh n\u00e0y h\u00f3a ra m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 2 &#8211; Arkady Leokum Con m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a ta gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i m\u00e1y ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh. Hay n\u00f3i \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng theo c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a con m\u1eaft. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u201cc\u1eeda\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13860","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13860","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13860"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13860\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13860"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13860"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13860"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}