T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 2 – Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u00e1u l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c huy\u1ebft m\u1ea1ch (t\u0129nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch) trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ta c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. M\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1u m\u00e0 ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 huy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng (plasma) chi\u1ebfm h\u01a1n ph\u00e2n n\u1eeda (kho\u1ea3ng 55%) l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e1u. \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng l\u1ee3t, h\u01a1i n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00ec ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t h\u00f2a tan. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t h\u00f2a tan \u1ea5y l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t protein, c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 (antibodies) \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, huy\u1ebft t\u01a1 hay l\u00e0 s\u1ee3i sinh huy\u1ebft (fibrinogen) c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f4ng huy\u1ebft, carbohydrate, ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o, mu\u1ed1i kho\u00e1ng, v.v\u2026 v\u00e0 th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ch\u00ednh h\u1ed3ng huy\u1ebft c\u1ea7u l\u00e0m cho m\u00e1u c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf. H\u1ed3ng huy\u1ebft c\u1ea7u d\u1ea1ng tr\u00f2n, d\u1eb9p, l\u00f5m v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa. Trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ta lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 35 t\u1ec9 t\u1ec9 \u201cc\u00e1i \u0111\u0129a\u201d m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf \u1ea5y theo c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi ng\u00f5 ng\u00e1ch to\u00e0n th\u00e2n ta. T\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t sinh v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh trong t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u00f3 m\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n \u0111i v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng l\u00fac c\u00e0ng th\u00eam c\u1ea7u t\u1ed1 (hemoglobin) t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf. Trong h\u1ed3ng huy\u1ebft c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5t s\u1eaft k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi protein.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Khi \u0111i v\u00e0o ph\u1ed5i, kh\u00ed oxy k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi huy\u1ebft c\u1ea7u t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf. T\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecf ch\u1edf oxy qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 mao m\u1ea1ch t\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u00e0y \u201cth\u1edf\u201d. Kh\u00ed carbon dioxide (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u00e1n kh\u00ed) t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u ch\u1edf v\u1ec1 ph\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khi \u201c\u0111i\u201d t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u ch\u1edf kh\u00ed oxy; khi \u201cv\u1ec1\u201d, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u \u201cch\u1edf\u201d kh\u00ed carbon dioxide. Kh\u00ed n\u00e0y th\u1ea3i ra \u1edf ph\u1ed5i v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1ng ra kh\u1ecfi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 trong \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c th\u1edf ra c\u1ee7a ta. \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u ch\u1ec9 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng b\u1ed1n th\u00e1ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 b\u1ecb \u201cb\u1ec3\u201d ra, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 \u1edf l\u00e1ch. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o huy\u1ebft m\u1edbi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u1ed3ng huy\u1ebft c\u1ea7u c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft c\u1ea7u ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 2 – Arkady Leokum M\u00e1u l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c huy\u1ebft m\u1ea1ch (t\u0129nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch) trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ta c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. M\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13895","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13895","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13895"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13895\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13895"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13895"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13895"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}