T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 2 – Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng giao th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia, ta th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed9 c\u00f3 t\u1eebng c\u1ea5p: qu\u1ed1c l\u1ed9, li\u00ean t\u1ec9nh l\u1ed9, h\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m hay nhu y\u1ebfu ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e3, \u1ea5p xa x\u00f4i nh\u1ecf x\u00edu th\u00ec sao? C\u01b0 d\u00e2n \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u – thu\u1ed1c men ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c – ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecd c\u0169ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i trao \u0111\u1ed5i, mua b\u00e1n. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u00f5 h\u1ebbm trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh gi\u00fap ta hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mao m\u1ea1ch trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0 ta bi\u1ebft: m\u00e1u (\u0111\u1ecf) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m t\u1eeb tim v\u00e0 d\u1eabn qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i t\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e0ng xa trung t\u00e2m (tr\u00e1i tim = m\u00e1y b\u01a1m), nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 c\u01a1 ph\u1eadn nh\u1ecf th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh nh\u1ecf ra, nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 li ti. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch nh\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n s\u1ee3i t\u00f3c \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 mao qu\u1ea3n hay mao m\u1ea1ch. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng mao m\u1ea1ch nh\u1ecf ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng 1\/50 c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i t\u00f3c nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t. \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a mao m\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 1\/3000 inch (inch = 2,54cm). Mao m\u1ea1ch nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed m\u00e1u ph\u1ea3i \u201cx\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng m\u1ed9t\u201d m\u1eddi \u0111i xuy\u00ean qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 qua r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm. N\u1ebfu b\u00f3 700 mao m\u1ea1ch th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u00f3 th\u00ec b\u00f3 \u1ea5y c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 to b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t m\u0169i kim! Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t mao m\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 0,5mm. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a mao m\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 d\u1eabn c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ebfn nu\u00f4i t\u1eebng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t b\u00e3 do t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ea3i ra, do \u0111\u00f3 ta d\u1ec5 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ta g\u1ed3m bao nhi\u00eau tri\u1ec7u, tri\u1ec7u mao m\u1ea1ch!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Khi \u0111\u01b0a m\u00e1u – c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1edf kh\u00ed oxy – \u0111\u1ebfn nu\u00f4i c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ph\u1eadn th\u00ec l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u00e1u chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00ed oxy cho c\u01a1 ph\u1eadn? M\u00e1u kh\u00f4ng r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 mao qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea3y tr\u00e0n v\u00e0o c\u01a1 ph\u1eadn m\u00e0 c\u1ee9 \u1edf y\u00ean trong mao m\u1ea1ch (mao qu\u1ea3n). B\u1edfi v\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a mao qu\u1ea3n c\u1ef1c m\u1ecfng, v\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u00ean khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e1u ch\u1edf \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i, c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00ed oxy s\u1ebd th\u1ea5m qua v\u00e1ch m\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a mao qu\u1ea3n m\u00e0 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u00f4. R\u1ed3i, c\u00e1c m\u00f4 \u1ea5y khi nh\u1eadn kh\u00ed oxy th\u00ec tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i cho m\u00e1u kh\u00ed carbon dioxide, ch\u1ea5t b\u00e3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i: khi \u0111i, m\u00e1u chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf kh\u00ed oxy v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c mao qu\u1ea3n. \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i, m\u00e1u chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00ed oxy v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho c\u00e1c m\u00f4. Khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, n\u00f3 nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i kh\u00ed carbon dioxide v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t b\u00e3 (ch\u1ea5t b\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e0i r\u1ed3i) \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3i ra ngo\u00e0i qua c\u01a1 quan h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p v\u00e0 b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft. Khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, m\u00e1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111i theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch m\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 (tr\u00e1i tim) b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 2 – Arkady Leokum Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng giao th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia, ta th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed9 c\u00f3 t\u1eebng c\u1ea5p: qu\u1ed1c l\u1ed9, li\u00ean t\u1ec9nh l\u1ed9, h\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m hay nhu y\u1ebfu ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u1ebf […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13901","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13901","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13901"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13901\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13901"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13901"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13901"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}