T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 3 – Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Socrates n\u1ed5i danh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 hi\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft m\u1eabu m\u1ef1c, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng. \u1ea4y v\u1eady m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u201ch\u00e3y t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh\u201d, b\u1edfi v\u00ec theo \u00f4ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4n ngoan l\u00e0 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh ch\u1eb3ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00d4ng sinh ra t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh Athens n\u01b0\u1edbc Hy L\u1ea1p v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 470 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 song th\u00e2n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tu\u1ed5i th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. \u00d4ng ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o do ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c. \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i tri\u1ebft gia Plato \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng th\u1ec3 v\u0103n \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i c\u00e1c l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 trong \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Theo Plato th\u00ec Scorates \u0111\u00e3 ng\u00e0y ng\u00e0y ra qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee3 Athens \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1edbi \u00f4ng. \u00d4ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t th\u00edch t\u00ecm ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, Scorates l\u1ea7n l\u1ea7n d\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ta t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea5y ch\u1ee9 th\u1eadt ra th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t v\u1ea5n, g\u1ee3i \u00fd n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Socratic. Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u201cH\u00e3y t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u00e2n Athens kh\u00f4ng \u01b0a \u00f4ng v\u00ec \u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eadt t\u1ea9y nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 c\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, h\u1ecd vu c\u00e1o \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n minh, v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng l\u00fd. N\u0103m 399 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, k\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a \u00f4ng ra t\u00f2a v\u1edbi t\u1ed9i danh l\u00e0m b\u0103ng ho\u1ea1i thanh ni\u00ean v\u00e0 xao l\u00e3ng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o. Ch\u1eb3ng ai tin v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u00e1o gi\u00e1c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 bi\u1ec7n h\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f2a. B\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n minh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed tri\u1ebft gia c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Plato ghi l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i danh trong s\u1eed s\u00e1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi danh x\u01b0ng \u201cBi\u1ec7n minh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Socrates\u201d. B\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n minh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y Socrates l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi can tr\u01b0\u1eddng, coi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft. Bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd b\u1ecb k\u1ebft \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng v\u1eabn kh\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1i s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng hy sinh cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng cho ch\u00e2n l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ngay trong t\u00f9, Socrates v\u1eabn d\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t t\u1eed c\u1ee7a linh h\u1ed3n. \u00d4ng c\u1ea7m ch\u00e9n thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c – b\u1ea3n \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng – u\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng run tay. B\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng b\u1eadt kh\u00f3c n\u1ee9c n\u1edf nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng xin h\u1ecd gi\u1eef im l\u1eb7ng. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft v\u1edbi n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u00f4i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 3 – Arkady Leokum Socrates n\u1ed5i danh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 hi\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft m\u1eabu m\u1ef1c, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng. \u1ea4y v\u1eady m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u201ch\u00e3y t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh\u201d, b\u1edfi v\u00ec theo \u00f4ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4n ngoan l\u00e0 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14063","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14063","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14063"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14063\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14064,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14063\/revisions\/14064"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14063"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14063"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14063"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}