T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 3 – Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1ch nay kho\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi hai th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o mi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u00c2u nay l\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u1ee5y \u0111i\u1ec3n, Na Uy v\u00e0 \u0111an M\u1ea1ch. H\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n cho c\u00e1i t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201cViking\u201d c\u00f2 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 do ch\u1eef (hay do \u00e2m) \u201cVik\u201d m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00c2u d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t sinh s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Viking l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng say m\u00ea phi\u00eau l\u01b0u m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 t\u00e0i h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00f3i chung, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Viking l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 th\u00f4 b\u1ea1o, m\u1eaft xanh, t\u00f3c b\u1ea1ch kim ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0ng. V\u00e0o c\u00e1i th\u1eddi m\u00e0 d\u00e2n l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n c\u00f2n run l\u1eadp c\u1eadp th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi Viking \u0111\u00e3 x\u00f4ng x\u00e1o v\u01b0\u1ee3t bi\u1ec3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n v\u00e0 lao v\u00e0o c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m l\u1edbn. H\u1ecd th\u00edch cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi chinh chi\u1ebfn, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi phi\u00eau l\u01b0u ch\u1edb kh\u00f4ng \u01b0a s\u1ed1ng an nh\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00e0o n\u0103m 793, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Viking \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 sau cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XI, h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 l\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda T\u00e2y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4ng \u00c2u, c\u01b0\u1edbp ph\u00e1 kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh, \u00c1i Nh\u0129 Lan (Ireland), Ph\u00e1p, T\u00e2y Ban Nha. H\u1ecd c\u00f2n \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec1n Nam t\u1edbi Algiers (B\u1eafc Phi). Ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Viking \u0111\u00e3 \u201cph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n\u201d ra \u201c\u0111\u1ea3o xanh\u201d (Greenland) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Vinland nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u sao h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 \u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng ba n\u0103m r\u1ed3i th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc – Northmen hay Viking – c\u0169ng c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nh\u1eefng con thuy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3u Viking, xe c\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed1m, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c trong tr\u00ed n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c hang \u0111\u1ed9ng (h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd) c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u00c2u c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1eb7ng s\u1eaft, do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Viking \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng<\/a> cao \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Viking \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111a th\u1ea7n\u201d. Odin v\u00e0 Thor l\u00e0 t\u00ean c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n minh th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Theo s\u1ef1 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n minh s\u1ed1ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Valhala. \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 anh d\u0169ng hy sinh trong c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh anh h\u00f9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ri\u00eang – v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u201csaga\u201d l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng truy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb vua ch\u00faa, th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh, anh h\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n d\u00e3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u1eefa. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc c\u0169ng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t c\u0103n b\u1ea3n tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f5. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea5u t\u00edch lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Viking trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 3 – Arkady Leokum C\u00e1ch nay kho\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi hai th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o mi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u00c2u nay l\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u1ee5y \u0111i\u1ec3n, Na Uy v\u00e0 \u0111an M\u1ea1ch. H\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n cho c\u00e1i t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201cViking\u201d c\u00f2 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14071","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14071","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14071"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14071\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14072,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14071\/revisions\/14072"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14071"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14071"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14071"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}