T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 4 – Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Quang ph\u1ed5 k\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cc\u00e1i m\u00e1y\u201d (d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5) \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee5p quang ph\u1ed5. \u1ea2nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 quang ph\u1ed5 k\u00fd. D\u00f9ng k\u00ednh quang ph\u1ed5, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ta bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i sao \u1edf xa t\u00edt m\u00f9 kia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t g\u00ec, ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf, nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u00f3 \u0111ang di chuy\u1ec3n ra xa hay l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1edf d\u0129 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ta bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng d\u1eef ki\u1ec7n \u1ea5y l\u00e0 v\u00ec \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u201ctr\u1eafng\u201d th\u1ef1c ra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng b\u1ea3y s\u1eafc (\u0111\u1ecf, cam, v\u00e0ng, xanh, lam, ch\u00e0m, t\u00edm). Ta cho \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi chi\u1ebfu qua l\u0103ng k\u00ednh – m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i k\u00ednh tam gi\u00e1c – \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u1ea5y s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u0103ng k\u00ednh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng b\u1ea3y s\u1eafc (m\u00e0u c\u1ea7u v\u1ed3ng). D\u1ea3i m\u00e0u n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 quang ph\u1ed5 k\u00fd (spectrum).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u0103m 1814, \u00f4ng Joseph von Fraunhofer l\u1ea5y k\u00ednh thi\u00ean v\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o quang ph\u1ed5 k\u00fd c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4i sao. \u00d4ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y trong t\u1ea5t c\u00e1c quang ph\u1ed5 k\u00fd \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng song song. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn ghi \u0111\u00fang v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea5y (m\u00e0u t\u1ed1i) khi ch\u00fang xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c quang ph\u1ed5 k\u00fd. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t cho c\u00e1i t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201ctuy\u1ebfn Fraunhofer\u201d. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? M\u1ed7i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i h\u01a1i (kh\u00ed) c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3u ri\u00eang v\u00e0 c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ri\u00eang tr\u00ean quang ph\u1ed5 k\u00fd n\u00e0y. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y thay cho m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi khi h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e1t quang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y gi\u00fap cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 (ng\u00f4i sao) n\u00e0o d\u00f9 \u1edf xa t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2u. C\u1ee9 so s\u00e1nh quang ph\u1ed5 k\u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4i sao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t v\u1edbi quang ph\u1ed5 k\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m chu\u1ea9n) trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd cho ta bi\u1ebft ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4i sao \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 4 – Arkady Leokum Quang ph\u1ed5 k\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cc\u00e1i m\u00e1y\u201d (d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5) \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee5p quang ph\u1ed5. \u1ea2nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 quang ph\u1ed5 k\u00fd. D\u00f9ng k\u00ednh quang ph\u1ed5, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ta bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i sao \u1edf xa […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14421","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14421","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14421"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14421\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14422,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14421\/revisions\/14422"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14421"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14421"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14421"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}