{"id":14560,"date":"2021-11-27T15:34:30","date_gmt":"2021-11-27T08:34:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=14560"},"modified":"2021-11-27T15:34:31","modified_gmt":"2021-11-27T08:34:31","slug":"nam-cham-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/nam-cham-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Nam ch\u00e2m l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 5 &#8211; Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">X\u01b0a \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103n c\u1eebu t\u00ean l\u00e0 magnes khi d\u1eabn b\u1ea7y c\u1eebu d\u1ecdc theo tri\u1ec1n n\u00fai Ida th\u00ec ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y m\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 con c\u00e1 s\u1eaft \u1edf \u0111\u1ebf gi\u00e0y c\u1ee7a anh ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 \u0111en l\u1edbn \u201cc\u01b0\u1edbp\u201d m\u1ea5t v\u00e0 treo l\u1ee7ng l\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdc t\u1ee9c anh ch\u01a1i. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n h\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 \u201cc\u01b0\u1edbp\u201d s\u1eaft ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra nam ch\u00e2m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean n\u00fai magnesia \u1edf Ti\u1ec3u \u00c1 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ef3 b\u00ed \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ef3 b\u00ed c\u1ee7a nam ch\u00e2m. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n khi mi\u1ebfng s\u1eaft d\u00ednh v\u00e0o nam ch\u00e2m th\u00ec mi\u1ebfng s\u1eaft \u1ea5y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 chia s\u1ebb cho c\u00e1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed l\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u201c\u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbp\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eaft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t thanh nam ch\u00e2m \u0111em treo l\u1ee7ng l\u1eb3ng th\u00ec m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 lu\u00f4n quay v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng B\u1eafc. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o la b\u00e0n v\u00e0 h\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong cho c\u00e1i danh hi\u1ec7u \u201clodestone\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0o th\u1eddi n\u1eef ho\u00e0ng Elizabeth n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh (1533 &#8211; 1603), ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1ed7i h\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 nam ch\u00e2m c\u00f3 hai c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i nhau. C\u1ef1c gi\u1ed1ng nhau th\u00ec \u201c\u0111\u1ea9y\u201d nhau, c\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau th\u00ec \u201ch\u00fat\u201d nhau. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0o m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 nam ch\u00e2m cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX. N\u0103m 1820, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111an m\u1ea1ch t\u00ean l\u00e0 Oersted ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng di\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y qua th\u00ec c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi n\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n qu\u1ea5n quanh m\u1ed9t l\u00f5i b\u1eb1ng lo\u1ea1i \u201cs\u1eaft x\u1ed1p\u201d v\u1edbi b\u00ecnh \u1eafc quy th\u00ec l\u00f5i s\u1eaft l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec5m t\u1eeb. Nh\u1edd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebf ra nam ch\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb m\u1ea1nh g\u1ea5p b\u1ed9i ph\u1ea7n nam ch\u00e2m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nam ch\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch ta d\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y nay. Ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng nam ch\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb &#8211; gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng v\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng l\u00ean cao m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn quan tr\u1ecdng trong chu\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u00e1y th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c, \u0111i-na-m\u00f4\u2026 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft t\u1eeb l\u1ef1c ph\u00f3ng ra ngo\u00e0i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u1ee5c nam ch\u00e2m &#8211; nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft th\u1ebf th\u00f4i. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi michael Faraday l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201ct\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ct\u1eeb tuy\u1ebfn\u201d th\u00ec s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ra nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t minh r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch nh\u01b0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u00e8n \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 5 &#8211; Arkady Leokum X\u01b0a \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103n c\u1eebu t\u00ean l\u00e0 magnes khi d\u1eabn b\u1ea7y c\u1eebu d\u1ecdc theo tri\u1ec1n n\u00fai Ida th\u00ec ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y m\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 con c\u00e1 s\u1eaft \u1edf [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14560","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14560","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14560"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14560\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14561,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14560\/revisions\/14561"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14560"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14560"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14560"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}