{"id":14566,"date":"2021-11-27T15:34:54","date_gmt":"2021-11-27T08:34:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=14566"},"modified":"2021-11-27T15:34:56","modified_gmt":"2021-11-27T08:34:56","slug":"binh-dien-da-nha-dien-ra-nhu-the-nao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/binh-dien-da-nha-dien-ra-nhu-the-nao\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u201cnh\u1ea3\u201d \u0111i\u1ec7n ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 5 &#8211; Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t do m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cdy-na-m\u00f4\u201d hay m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n (genarator) v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n (battery).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00f3a n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn ra nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n. Lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u201cl\u00e0m m\u1edbi l\u1ea1i\u201d sau khi \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e0i h\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec7n, tr\u1eeb khi thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o. Pin &#8211; c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cb\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4\u201d &#8211; thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y. Lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i sau khi \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e0i h\u1ebft, n\u1ebfu \u0111em \u201cs\u1ea1c\u201d l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u201c\u0111\u1ed5\u201d v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u201c\u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d m\u1edbi. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i xe h\u1ebft x\u0103ng ta \u0111\u1ed5 th\u00eam x\u0103ng. Th\u1ef1c ra, b\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u201ckho\u201d tr\u1eef \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng trong xe h\u01a1i, xe g\u1eafn m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o b\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u201ckh\u00f4\u201d hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cpin\u201d, nh\u01b0ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t. Trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4 n\u00e0o th\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c (electrode) v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n (electrolyte). \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c g\u1ed3m hai th\u1ee9 kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau ho\u1eb7c metal v\u00e0 carbon. Ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 &#8211; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ccathode\u201d (\u00e2m) th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 k\u1ebdm. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201canode\u201d (d\u01b0\u01a1ng) th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 than. T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc khi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t \u201ccathode\u201d t\u1eeb t\u1eeb b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00edch trong ch\u1ea5t dung d\u1ecbch electrolyte. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd ph\u00f3ng ra c\u00e1c electron (\u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed) t\u1ef1 do. Ta l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t \u201ccon \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ea1ch\u201d (circuit) \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c electron n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Khi n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00ec c\u00e1c electron s\u1ebd \u1ed3 \u1ea1t \u201c\u0111i\u201d tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 ta c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u201c\u01b0\u1edbt\u201d &#8211; hay l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh tr\u1eef \u0111i\u1ec7n &#8211; th\u1eadt ra n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng vai th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i kho ch\u1ee9a. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qua s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u201ckh\u00f4\u201d. m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m ch\u1ee9a \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ec v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i kia l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ec peroxide. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00fang trong acid sulphuric. C\u1ea3 hai t\u1eeb t\u1eeb bi\u1ebfn ch\u00ec th\u00e0nh sulphat. \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong b\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 5 &#8211; Arkady Leokum C\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t do m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cdy-na-m\u00f4\u201d hay m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n (genarator) v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n (battery). B\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14566","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14566","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14566"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14566\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14567,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14566\/revisions\/14567"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14566"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14566"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14566"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}