{"id":14634,"date":"2021-11-27T15:39:28","date_gmt":"2021-11-27T08:39:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=14634"},"modified":"2021-11-27T15:39:29","modified_gmt":"2021-11-27T08:39:29","slug":"he-thong-chu-braille-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/he-thong-chu-braille-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1eef Braille l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 5 &#8211; Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu ch\u1eb3ng may b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb m\u00f9 th\u00ec n\u1ed7i b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 xem, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng l\u1eafm v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng? T\u1eeb l\u00e2u, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00ecm ra <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"Vietlearn\" rel=\"nofollow\">ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y<\/a> cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ngay t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1517 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1eef kh\u1eafc tr\u00ean m\u1ea3nh g\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f9 r\u1edd ng\u00f3n tay v\u00e0o m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc. Ng\u00f3n tay c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m l\u1eafm. Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u201c\u0111\u1ecdc\u201d, \u201cxem\u201d s\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng\u2026 ng\u00f3n tay. Theo n\u0103m th\u00e1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f9, nh\u01b0 ch\u1eef in n\u1ed5i ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra: \u201c\u1eea, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f9 xem s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n vi\u1ebft th\u00ec sao?\u201d \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng vi\u1ebft theo l\u1ed1i \u201cin n\u1ed5i\u201d!?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u0103m 1829, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ean l\u00e0 Louis Braille b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f9 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"Vietlearn\" rel=\"nofollow\">gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean<\/a> d\u1ea1y ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1eabu t\u1ef1 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eeba \u201cxem\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eeba vi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Braille ch\u1ec9 g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo qui \u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eabu t\u1ef1 A, B\u2026 V\u1edbi 63 c\u00e1ch s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m, th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u c\u1ed9ng, tr\u1eeb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m, ph\u1ebft\u2026 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 m\u1eabu t\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc, vi\u1ebft b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ch\u1eef n\u00e0o k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 l\u00e0m t\u00ednh\u2026 Qui \u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1eef Braille l\u00e0 m\u1ed7i m\u1eabu t\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ba h\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5m d\u1ecdc, hai h\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5m ngang l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u0111a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u00ed d\u1ee5 ch\u1eef P l\u00e0 , ch\u1eef T l\u00e0 , ch\u1eef N l\u00e0 .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ed9 ch\u1eef Braille \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecd t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u1ec1m vui trong s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch b\u00e1o in b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef Braille. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f2n c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i \u201cs\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t thanh\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9n b\u0103ng ghi \u00e2m m\u00e0 trong b\u0103ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1ecdc c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 5 &#8211; Arkady Leokum N\u1ebfu ch\u1eb3ng may b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb m\u00f9 th\u00ec n\u1ed7i b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 xem, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng l\u1eafm v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng? T\u1eeb [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14634","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14634","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14634"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14634\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14635,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14634\/revisions\/14635"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14634"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14634"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14634"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}