{"id":14787,"date":"2021-11-27T15:55:17","date_gmt":"2021-11-27T08:55:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=14787"},"modified":"2021-11-27T15:55:18","modified_gmt":"2021-11-27T08:55:18","slug":"dong-dat-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/dong-dat-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 6 &#8211; Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng rung \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. S\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c rung \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. S\u1ef1 rung chuy\u1ec3n nh\u1eb9 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n c\u1ee9 hai ph\u00fat x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. Nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, g\u00e2y ra t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u1ed7i n\u0103m x\u1ea3y ra kho\u1ea3ng 20 l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t? Lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 do v\u1ecf tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb n\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u, ch\u1ed7 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ed7 ngu\u1ed9i n\u00ean s\u1ebd b\u1ecb gi\u00e3n n\u1edf v\u00e0 co r\u00fat, v\u1ecf tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng th\u1eadm ch\u00ed g\u00e3y \u0111\u1ee9t, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t rung chuy\u1ec3n g\u00e2y n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, 90% \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u1ee9t g\u00e3y. Lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 khi n\u00fai l\u1eeda phun, do magma t\u1ea1o \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o v\u1ecf tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, kh\u00ed \u1edf mi\u1ec7ng n\u00fai l\u1eeda b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, magma d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt, v.v\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0m rung chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ecf tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00fai l\u1eeda. Tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t do n\u00fai l\u1eeda b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 chi\u1ebfm 7%. Lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 do n\u1eafp \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c hang nham th\u1ea1ch l\u1edbn trong l\u00f2ng tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean b\u1ecb s\u1eadp, c\u0169ng g\u00e2y ra rung chuy\u1ec3n m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf ph\u1ea1m vi h\u1eb9p, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1eadp l\u1edf. Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y chi\u1ebfm t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 3%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o l\u1ef1c rung chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ecf tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1edbn hay nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n chia c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec s\u1ee9c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1edbn hay nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e2u hay c\u1ea1n v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c rung chuy\u1ec3n l\u1edbn hay nh\u1ecf. Khi ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t sinh ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ea1n, l\u1ef1c rung chuy\u1ec3n l\u1ea1i l\u1edbn, th\u00ec c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00edch-te (Richter). M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, n\u1ebfu g\u1ea7n trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00ec s\u1ee9c t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00edch-te c\u0169ng l\u1edbn, c\u00e0ng xa trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00ec s\u1ee9c t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00edch-te c\u0169ng nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 6 &#8211; Arkady Leokum \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng rung \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. Tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. S\u1ed1 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14787","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14787","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14787"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14787\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14788,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14787\/revisions\/14788"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14787"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14787"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14787"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}