T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 7 – Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ch\u1eafc h\u1eb3n c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 con ong. Trong v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c ong m\u1eadt, ong th\u1ee3 l\u00e0 tay \u0111i xa. Ch\u00fang v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ecb em ru\u1ed9t th\u1ecbt v\u1edbi ong ch\u00faa (ong c\u00e1i), nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh d\u1ee5c, d\u1ea7u v\u1eady ch\u00ednh ong th\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ea3m tr\u00e1ch t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c. ong th\u1ee3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u lanh l\u1eb9, c\u00f3 c\u1eb7p m\u1eaft k\u00e9p to, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 v\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0u s\u1eafc. Mi\u1ec7ng ki\u1ec3u nhai h\u00fat. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e1nh ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0ng m\u1ecdc \u1edf b\u1ed9 ng\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh, m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eaby 250 l\u1ea7n. C\u00f3 ba \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1t, ch\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i ph\u1ea5n hoa do nhi\u1ec1u l\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh, b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i n\u00e0y l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea5n hoa b\u00e1m \u1edf r\u00e2u x\u00fac gi\u00e1c. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n sau c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 l\u1ea5y ph\u1ea5n hoa – b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i ph\u1ea5n hoa v\u00e0 t\u00fai \u0111\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea5n hoa, \u0111em ph\u1ea5n hoa thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean tr\u00f2n d\u00ednh \u1edf ch\u00e2n sau, v\u1eeba nh\u00ecn \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft ngay l\u00e0 tay lao \u0111\u1ed9ng chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t. ong th\u1ee3 v\u1eeba m\u1edbi t\u1eeb tr\u1ee9ng n\u1edf ra v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c; 2-3 ng\u00e0y sau b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ecdn s\u1ea1ch t\u1ed5; 4-5 ng\u00e0y nu\u00f4i \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng, nhai n\u00e1t ph\u1ea5n hoa r\u1ed3i cho m\u1eadt v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n d\u1ea1ng d\u1ecbch nh\u0169 \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng; 7-8 ng\u00e0y sau l\u1edbn th\u00e0nh con ong th\u1ee3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u g\u00e2y m\u1eadt, ti\u1ebfp ra s\u00e1p, x\u00e2y t\u1ed5, qu\u1ea1t gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 canh gi\u1eef m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ong. G\u00e2y m\u1eadt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 m\u1ec7t nh\u1ecdc, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean l\u00e0 h\u00fat m\u1eadt th\u00f4 v\u00e0o d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y, d\u00f9ng ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecdt cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng saccarose ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng glucose, sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1ea3 v\u00e0o trong t\u1ed5. C\u00f3 l\u00fac ph\u1ea3i h\u00fat nh\u1ea3 h\u01a1n 200 l\u1ea7n. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eaby c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t gi\u00f3 cho ph\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0 th\u1eeba b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i. C\u1ea7n m\u1eadt hoa c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n b\u00f4ng hoa m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1g m\u1eadt ong. Ch\u1ea5t s\u00e1p l\u00e0 do tuy\u1ebfn s\u00e1p \u1edf ph\u1ea7n \u0111u\u00f4i con ong th\u1ee3 ti\u1ebft ra t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1ed5 ong h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 s\u00e1u c\u1ea1nh, qua m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam, m\u1eadt h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh s\u00e1p l\u1ecfng, do tuy\u1ebfn s\u00e1p ti\u1ebft ra v\u00e0 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh v\u1ea9y s\u00e1p, c\u1ea7n 120 phi\u1ebfn v\u1ea9y s\u00e1p m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ong. sau khi ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 10 ng\u00e0y, \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng ong th\u1ee3 ra ngo\u00e0i t\u1ed5, bay th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn t\u1ed5, v\u1ec1 sau th\u00e0nh con ong l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n l\u1ea5y m\u1eadt, l\u1ea5y ph\u1ea5n hoa, l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ong m\u1eadt r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, m\u1ed9t con ong th\u1ee3 g\u00e2y 1kg m\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y ph\u1ea5n hoa c\u1ee7a 50 v\u1ea1n – 100 v\u1ea1n b\u00f4ng hoa, n\u1ebfu t\u1eeb t\u1ed5 ong \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i l\u1ea5y ph\u1ea5n hoa b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n xa 1-5km th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i bay 45 v\u1ea1n km, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng bay m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng quanh tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea5n hoa m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n ong th\u1ee3 \u0111i l\u1ea5y n\u1eb7ng g\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. ong th\u1ee3 c\u00f3 \u201ctr\u00ed nh\u1edb\u201d r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qua vi\u1ec7c quan s\u00e1t h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 g\u00f3c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 nh\u1edb h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ngu\u1ed3n m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u00ecnh con ong th\u1ee3 c\u00f2n mang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1edbi 1,8v, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh v\u1eadt r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh. Bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm, khi bay \u0111i tr\u00ean m\u00ecnh mang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u00e2m, khi mang \u0111\u1ea7y m\u1eadt hoa bay v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 th\u00ec l\u1ea1i mang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch d\u01b0\u01a1ng. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft khi n\u00e0o r\u1eddi t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm m\u1eadt. ong th\u1ee3 c\u00f2n th\u00f4ng qua quan s\u00e1t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, sau khi v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 s\u1ebd nh\u1ea3y m\u00faa v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ea3y m\u00faa s\u1ed1 8 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho c\u00e1c ong th\u1ee3 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ebft \u0111i t\u00ecm ngu\u1ed3n m\u1eadt, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3. M\u1ed9t con ong th\u1ee3 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb 1-2 th\u00e1ng. ong ch\u00faa trong v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c ong m\u1eadt l\u00e0 ong m\u1eb9. N\u00f3 ti\u1ebft ra m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e0n ong th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed vua ch\u00faa c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e0n ong l\u1ea1i. Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n, ong ch\u00faa r\u1eddi t\u1ed5 bay \u0111i giao ph\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ong \u0111\u1ef1c, \u0111em t\u00fai tinh c\u1ee7a ong \u0111\u1ef1c c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef trong m\u00ecnh, sau \u0111\u00f3 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf tr\u1ee9ng th\u1ee5 tinh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ee5 tinh. M\u1ed9t con ong ch\u00faa m\u1ed9t n\u0103m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebb ra 20-30 v\u1ea1n tr\u1ee9ng, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c tr\u1ee9ng h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c sinh s\u00f4i khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i kinh ng\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea3 v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c. s\u1eefa ong ch\u00faa do ong m\u1eadt l\u00e0m ra ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t protein, nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i vitamin, hai m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ea5y lo\u1ea1i acid amin v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng glucose, ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o\u2026 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u1ed1 (hormon) v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n t\u1ed1, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea9m b\u1ed5 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. M\u1ed7i \u0111\u00e0n ong m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho 20-50g s\u1eefa ong ch\u00faa. ong m\u1eadt s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra m\u1eadt ong, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng glucose (ch\u1ee9a 60-80%), m\u1ed9t \u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng saccarose, vitamin v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t th\u01a1m. h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ong m\u1eadt cho ch\u00fang ta nhi\u1ec1u g\u1ee3i \u00fd, ong m\u1eadt c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ed \u1ea9n \u0111ang ch\u1edd con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1. T\u1ea1i sao v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c ong m\u1eadt l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? T\u1ea1i sao ong th\u1ee3 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng h\u00e0i h\u00f2a nh\u01b0 v\u1eady?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 18, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ong nh\u1ecf. \u00d4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00ecnh s\u00e1u c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1y m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ong l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 nhau: g\u00f3c nh\u1ecdn 70 \u0111\u1ed9 32\u2019, g\u00f3c t\u00f9 109 \u0111\u1ed9 28\u2019. v\u1ec1 sau c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd r\u1ea5t quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng m\u1eddi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n: d\u00f9ng g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 bao nhi\u00eau \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh t\u1ed5 ong h\u00ecnh s\u00e1u c\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 d\u00f9ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u00edt nh\u1ea5t song dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ea1i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t? Nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3: g\u00f3c nh\u1ecdn 70 \u0111\u1ed9 34\u2019; g\u00f3c t\u00f9 109 \u0111\u1ed9 36\u2019. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n cho th\u1ea5y g\u00f3c t\u00f9 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 2\u2019. M\u1ea5y n\u0103m sau, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc scotland ch\u1ec9 ra sai l\u1ea7m trong t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i tr\u00ean v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra tranh lu\u1eadn. v\u1ec1 sau m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng n\u00e0y d\u00f9ng b\u1ea3ng l\u00f4gar\u00edt in sai. \u00d4ng d\u00f9ng b\u1ea3ng l\u00f4gar\u00edt in ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh l\u1ea1i, th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1p \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang nh\u1ea5t, vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m x\u00f4n xao d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 7 – Arkady Leokum Ch\u1eafc h\u1eb3n c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 con ong. Trong v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c ong m\u1eadt, ong th\u1ee3 l\u00e0 tay \u0111i xa. Ch\u00fang v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ecb em ru\u1ed9t th\u1ecbt v\u1edbi ong ch\u00faa (ong c\u00e1i), nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15037","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15037","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15037"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15037\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15038,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15037\/revisions\/15038"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15037"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15037"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15037"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}