T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 8 – Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u1ebfu b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5t quay chung quanh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi hay l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi quay chung quanh qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5t? Ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1p ngay: \u201c\u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5t quay chung quanh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi\u201d. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u1ea1n c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9ng minh n\u1eefa kia. V\u00e2ng, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi Copernic \u0111\u01b0a ra thuy\u1ebft trung t\u00e2m m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi th\u00ec thuy\u1ebft trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng, h\u00e0nh tinh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh tinh \u0111\u1ec1u quay chung quanh qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00f2n qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00ec\u2026 \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Thuy\u1ebft trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ch\u00e2u \u00c2u l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd v\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u0169ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00ed d\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc. H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y bu\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u01a1n 1000 n\u0103m. M\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 16, Copernic \u0111\u01b0a ra thuy\u1ebft trung t\u00e2m m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, thuy\u1ebft trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1ecf r\u01a1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nicolas Copernic (1473-1543) l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ba Lan n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp ra thuy\u1ebft trung t\u00e2m m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Khi Copernic l\u00ean 10 tu\u1ed5i th\u00ec cha \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa ru\u1ed9t nu\u00f4i n\u1ea5ng, t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y d\u1ed7 chu \u0111\u00e1o. \u00d4ng t\u1eebng theo h\u1ecdc to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, y h\u1ecdc, t\u1eadp v\u1ebd v\u00e0 sau c\u00f9ng th\u00ec say m\u00ea thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc. H\u1ecdc m\u00f4n n\u00e0o \u00f4ng c\u0169ng \u0111i s\u00e2u t\u00ecm t\u00f2i r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4n kh\u00e1c. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5, s\u1edf d\u0129 sau n\u00e0y \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c v\u1ec1 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u1ea5y l\u00e0 nh\u1edd \u00f4ng d\u00e0y c\u00f4ng kh\u1ed5 luy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 m\u00f4n to\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00d4ng r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y t\u01b0 duy. Khi \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u1ec1 thuy\u1ebft trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u, li\u1ec1n ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong thuy\u1ebft trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u. sau khi suy ngh\u0129 suy x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh, \u00f4ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 coi \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tinh quay chung quanh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi th\u00ec m\u1ecdi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng sinh ra ho\u00e0i nghi v\u1edbi thuy\u1ebft trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u. V\u00e0o gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1510-1515, Copernic kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0a ra suy ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e1n v\u1ecb cho m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n d\u00f9ng to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0a ra lu\u1eadn ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Thuy\u1ebft trung t\u00e2m m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tinh quay chung quanh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1eeb g\u1ea7n t\u1edbi xa l\u00e0: sao Th\u1ee7y, sao Kim, tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, sao H\u1ecfa, sao M\u1ed9c, sao Th\u1ed5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh tinh (nh\u1eefng v\u00ec sao \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng l\u00e0 v\u1ec7 tinh quay chung quanh tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c quay chung quanh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ra, m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y c\u00f2n t\u1ef1 quay quanh m\u00ecnh n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh \u0111\u1ec1u quay chung quanh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi theo qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f4ng lao v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Copernic l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng do gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Copernic c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1i D\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ec7 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. \u0110\u1ecbnh tinh kh\u00f4ng quay chung quanh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi; h\u00e0nh tinh c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i quay chung quanh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi theo qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n m\u00e0 l\u00e0 qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh b\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u0103m 1543, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u201cThuy\u1ebft v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh thi\u00ean th\u1ec3\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n quan \u0111i\u1ec3m thuy\u1ebft trung t\u00e2m m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. Trong l\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u, \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft: \u201csau khi t\u00ecm t\u00f2i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u00f4i c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, trong s\u00e1ch t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ghi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t\u2026 T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 ho\u00e0i nghi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c t\u00e0i th\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n h\u1ecd d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u khoa h\u1ecdc, \u0111i s\u00e2u t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng h\u1eddi h\u1ee3t v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, th\u00ec s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. C\u00e1c b\u1eadc h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3<\/a> v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf qua b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh n\u00e0o\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Thuy\u1ebft trung t\u00e2m m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Copernic \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u0169, mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn nh\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m ch\u00e2n l\u00fd. N\u0103m 1839, t\u1ea1i th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 Warsaw c\u1ee7a Ba Lan, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1ng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Copernic \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t h\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 8 – Arkady Leokum N\u1ebfu b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5t quay chung quanh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi hay l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi quay chung quanh qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5t? Ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1p ngay: \u201c\u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5t quay chung quanh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi\u201d. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15324","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15324","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15324"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15324\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15325,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15324\/revisions\/15325"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15324"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15324"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15324"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}