T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 8 – Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ba anh em c\u00e1ch xa m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 sao Thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng, sao H\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 sao Di\u00eam v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf ngo\u00e0i qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a sao Th\u1ed5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ch\u00ednh nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi F.M Her- schel \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng k\u00ednh vi\u1ec5n v\u1ecdng thi\u00ean v\u0103n t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra sao Thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a sao Thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng to h\u01a1n 65 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u1ec9 thua sao M\u1ed9c v\u00e0 sao Th\u1ed5 trong ch\u00edn h\u00e0nh tinh l\u1edbn, \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ee9 ba. Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea5p 15 l\u1ea7n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u1ec9 thua sao M\u1ed9c, sao Th\u1ed5 v\u00e0 sao H\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ee9ng h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 t\u01b0. Thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng hai, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh g\u00f3c nghi\u00eang l\u00e0 97055\u2019. C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c t\u1ef1 quay c\u1ee7a sao Thi\u00ean V\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 ng\u00e3 tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1eady. N\u00f3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng quanh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi trong t\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1eb1m. \u0110\u00fang l\u00e0 hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3. L\u1ea1i c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ea1 n\u1eefa trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. Sao Thi\u00ean V\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 n\u0103m v\u1ec7 tinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sao Thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng xoay quanh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u1ed7i v\u00f2ng m\u1ea5t 84 n\u0103m. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2000, sao Thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n 219 n\u0103m. T\u1eeb khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn nay, n\u00f3 xoay quanh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ba v\u00f2ng. Ng\u00e0y 10 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1977, tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean hi\u1ebfm hoi t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 sao Thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng che khu\u1ea5t \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh tinh \u1edf sau n\u00f3. Trong th\u1eddi kh\u1eafc ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c thi\u00ean v\u0103n nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang quan tr\u1eafc. Trong l\u1ea7n quan tr\u1eafc n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c thi\u00ean v\u0103n \u1edf n\u0103m n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 M\u1ef9, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Australia, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Nam Phi \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra sao Thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 v\u00f2ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 sao Th\u1ed5. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng quan tr\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f2ng s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a sao Thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng do ch\u00edn v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sau khi sao Thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi sao Thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o l\u00fd lu\u1eadn s\u1ee9c h\u00fat Newton t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a sao Thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. T\u1ea1i sao nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn s\u1ee9c h\u00fat c\u1ee7a Newton c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1? Ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c h\u00fat c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c tr\u00ec k\u00e9o sao Thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u0103ng? N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1i thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 \u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 sao H\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u01a1ng. Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch sao H\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ea5p 57 l\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea5p 17 l\u1ea7n tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng 30 l\u1ea7n tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. N\u00f3 xoay quanh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng kho\u1ea3ng 165 n\u0103m, t\u1eeb khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, n\u00f3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng xoay quanh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra sao Thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a sao Thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u00fd lu\u1eadn x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra sao Thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u0169ng v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: \u201cPh\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng \u1edf ngo\u00e0i qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o sao H\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tinh l\u1edbn n\u00e0o ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra sao Di\u00eam v\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u1ef1 ly b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a sao Di\u00eam v\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi kho\u1ea3ng 5 t\u1ef7 900 tri\u1ec7u kil\u00f4m\u00e9t, g\u1ea5p 40 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. N\u00f3 \u0111i v\u00f2ng quanh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u1ed7i v\u00f2ng m\u1ea5t 248 n\u0103m, t\u1eeb khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn nay ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1\/4 v\u00f2ng. N\u00f3 t\u1ef1 quay m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng kho\u1ea3ng 6 ng\u00e0y 9 gi\u1edd. Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng ba ph\u1ea7n ngh\u00ecn tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. C\u00f2n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng, th\u1ec3 t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng 1 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u0169ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9a em \u00fat \u1edf xa m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 ch\u00edn h\u00e0nh tinh l\u1edbn. N\u0103m 2006, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u201ch\u1ea1 b\u1eadc\u201d sao Di\u00eam v\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e0nh \u201ch\u00e0nh tinh l\u00f9n\u201d do x\u00e9t th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 \u201ch\u00e0nh tinh\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hi\u1ec7n nay, sao Di\u00eam v\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft h\u1ebft. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t d\u1eb9t, khi c\u00e1ch xa m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t 7 t\u1ef7 200 tri\u1ec7u kil\u00f4m\u00e9t, khi g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 4 t\u1ef7 300 tri\u1ec7u kil\u00f4m\u00e9t, xa g\u1ea7n ch\u00eanh nhau 3 t\u1ef7 kil\u00f4m\u00e9t. T\u1eeb 1979 \u0111\u1ebfn 1999, trong v\u00f2ng 20 n\u0103m sao Di\u00eam v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf trong qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o sao H\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u01a1ng;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ngo\u00e0i sao Th\u1ee7y v\u00e0 sao Kim ra, sao Di\u00eam v\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 quay ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 quay c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1978, M\u1ef9 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra sao Di\u00eam v\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ec7 tinh, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ec7 tinh duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a sao n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu k\u1ef3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ec7 tinh n\u00e0y quanh sao Di\u00eam v\u01b0\u01a1ng ngang b\u1eb1ng chu k\u1ef3 t\u1ef1 quay c\u1ee7a sao Di\u00eam v\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1ec7 tinh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 v\u1ec7 tinh thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng sao Di\u00eam v\u01b0\u01a1ng. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 v\u1ec7 tinh n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a sao Di\u00eam v\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u00ec s\u1ebd m\u00e3i m\u00e3i nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 tr\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ea7u. C\u00f2n n\u01a1i n\u00e0o tr\u00ean sao Di\u00eam v\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y v\u1ec7 tinh n\u00e0y th\u00ec c\u0169ng s\u1ebd m\u00e3i m\u00e3i kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y n\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 l\u00e0m sao! \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ed m\u1eadt n\u1eefa c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sao Di\u00eam v\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch xa m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t, do \u0111\u00f3, c\u0169ng l\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 8 – Arkady Leokum Ba anh em c\u00e1ch xa m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 sao Thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng, sao H\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 sao Di\u00eam v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf ngo\u00e0i qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a sao Th\u1ed5. Ch\u00ednh nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng th\u1ebf […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15358","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15358","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15358"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15358\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15359,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15358\/revisions\/15359"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15358"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15358"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15358"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}