{"id":15378,"date":"2021-11-27T18:00:10","date_gmt":"2021-11-27T11:00:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=15378"},"modified":"2021-11-27T18:00:11","modified_gmt":"2021-11-27T11:00:11","slug":"ai-la-nguoi-sang-lap-ra-hai-quan-nuoc-anh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/ai-la-nguoi-sang-lap-ra-hai-quan-nuoc-anh\/","title":{"rendered":"Ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp ra h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 9 &#8211; Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00e0o n\u0103m 900 sau C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb vua t\u00ean l\u00e0 Alfred. Thu\u1edf c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf, Alfred h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t kh\u1ed5 s\u1edf, b\u1edfi \u00f4ng ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 ch\u00fat g\u00ec y\u00eau th\u00edch s\u00e1ch v\u1edf. L\u00fac \u1ea5y, tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch m\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 sao ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u s\u1eafc r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0ng, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 m\u1eabu v\u1ebd r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u00f4m, m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a Alfred \u0111em quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb9p th\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a cho c\u00e1c con b\u00e0 xem. B\u00e0 h\u1ee9a r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u1ee9a n\u00e0o m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec b\u00e0 s\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1edfng cho \u0111\u1ee9a \u0111\u00f3 quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch. \u0110\u1ea5y v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i, Alfred v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch, cho n\u00ean l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong \u0111\u1eddi, \u00f4ng th\u1eadt t\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc th\u1eed xem sao. \u00d4ng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao l\u00e2u \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c anh n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u1edfng quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sau khi Alfred l\u1edbn l\u00ean, n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecdn h\u1ea3i t\u1eb7c qu\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec5u. B\u1ecdn c\u01b0\u1edbp bi\u1ec3n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed9c Teuton g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110an M\u1ea1ch. L\u00fac \u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai h\u00f3a, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110an M\u1ea1ch th\u00ec c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t th\u00f4 l\u1ed7 man r\u1ee3. qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110an M\u1ea1ch c\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n. H\u1ecd t\u1eeb qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n b\u00ean kia bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 l\u00ean. H\u1ecd c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u00f3c s\u1ea1ch s\u00e0nh sanh nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt qu\u00ed gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng th\u00f4n tr\u1ea5n r\u1ed3i ng\u1ed3i thuy\u1ec1n tr\u1edf v\u1ec1. qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua ra tay, mu\u1ed1n b\u1eaft b\u1ecdn c\u01b0\u1edbp bi\u1ec3n n\u00e0y d\u1ea1y cho m\u1ed9t m\u1ebb, ai ng\u1edd h\u1ecd ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdn c\u01b0\u1edbp bi\u1ec3n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n b\u1ecb ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110an M\u1ea1ch c\u00e0ng l\u00fac c\u00e0ng ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh, mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m g\u00ec th\u00ec l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sau c\u00f9ng, Alfred \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng: mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110an M\u1ea1ch, d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n. Do \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng b\u00e8n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng thuy\u1ec1n, thuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3ng to h\u01a1n thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110an M\u1ea1ch c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh c\u00f3 h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n. H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh v\u1ec1 sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Alfred l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 h\u01a1n ng\u00e0n n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh. Thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o so v\u1edbi thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110an M\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3 nhi\u00ean to h\u01a1n n\u00ean \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u, h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Alfred r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec ch\u00fang qu\u00e1 to, n\u00ean n\u1ebfu \u0111i \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea1n th\u00ec l\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t ti\u1ec7n; trong khi \u0111\u00f3 thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110an M\u1ea1ch th\u00ec v\u1eeba nh\u1ecf v\u1eeba nh\u1eb9, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i c\u1eb7p s\u00e1t b\u1edd c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sau khi Alfred v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110an M\u1ea1ch kh\u1ed5 chi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u00f4ng ngh\u0129, c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u00ean c\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110an M\u1ea1ch th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb, nh\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Scotland cho h\u1ecd \u1edf, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i cam k\u1ebft l\u00e0 t\u1eeb nay v\u1ec1 sau kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u00f3c qu\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec5u n\u1eefa, m\u00e0 hai b\u00ean c\u00f9ng chung s\u1ed1ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. qu\u1ea3 nhi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110an M\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi \u00fd ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y. Do \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 an c\u01b0 l\u1ea1c nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 Alfred c\u1ea5p cho. V\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 sau, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110an M\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec phi\u1ec1n h\u00e0 n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alfred ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p nghi\u00eam minh, ai vi ph\u1ea1m \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec th\u00ec c\u1ee9 chi\u1ebfu theo \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch ph\u1ea1t. Khi Alfred c\u00f2n \u0111ang t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh r\u0103m r\u1eafp tu\u00e2n theo ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho d\u00f9 c\u1ea7m v\u00e0ng \u0111i ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ai d\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbp gi\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alfred l\u1ea1i m\u1eddi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh d\u1ea1y cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, d\u1ea1y cho tr\u1ebb em, c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef. \u00d4ng c\u00f2n s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, hi\u1ec7n nay n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi &#8211; \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc oxford. \u0110\u1ebfn nay \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc oxford \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua h\u01a1n ng\u00e0n n\u0103m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alfred th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n, s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. \u1ede n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3. Ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t minh ra c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng n\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi gi\u1edd. Ng\u00e0y nay, \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 l\u00e0 v\u1eadt h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3; nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh ngay m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i c\u0169ng c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3. Alfred t\u00ecm ra t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y c\u1ee7a n\u1ebfn, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng kh\u1eafc tr\u00ean th\u00e2n c\u00e2y n\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00f2ng ngang ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u &#8211; kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa hai l\u1eb1n k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ebfn ch\u00e1y trong m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd. Lo\u1ea1i n\u1ebfn n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cn\u1ebfn \u0111o th\u1eddi gi\u1edd\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfn c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u1ea7m n\u1ebfn ra kh\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 th\u00ec n\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i t\u1eaft. Cho n\u00ean, Alfred \u0111em c\u00e2y n\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eb7t trong m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc h\u1ed9p nh\u1ecf, v\u00e0 v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n cho \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng n\u1ebfn chi\u1ebfu ra ngo\u00e0i, do \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh s\u1eebng tr\u00e2u d\u00e1t th\u1eadt m\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m chi\u1ebfc h\u1ed9p nh\u1ecf, b\u1edfi th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 th\u1ee7y tinh, pha l\u00ea. \u1ea4y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e8n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 9 &#8211; Arkady Leokum V\u00e0o n\u0103m 900 sau C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb vua t\u00ean l\u00e0 Alfred. Thu\u1edf c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf, Alfred h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t kh\u1ed5 s\u1edf, b\u1edfi \u00f4ng ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 ch\u00fat g\u00ec y\u00eau th\u00edch s\u00e1ch v\u1edf. L\u00fac \u1ea5y, tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15378","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15378","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15378"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15378\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15379,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15378\/revisions\/15379"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15378"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15378"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15378"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}