{"id":15390,"date":"2021-11-27T18:00:57","date_gmt":"2021-11-27T11:00:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=15390"},"modified":"2021-11-27T18:00:59","modified_gmt":"2021-11-27T11:00:59","slug":"ban-biet-gi-ve-kieu-kien-truc-gothic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/ban-biet-gi-ve-kieu-kien-truc-gothic\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft g\u00ec v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac gothic?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 9 – Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0o th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5, gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn c\u00f2n s\u1eebng s\u1eefng v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hy L\u1ea1p v\u00e0 La M\u00e3; c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n d\u00f9ng v\u00e1n g\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t c\u0103n nh\u00e0, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hai mi\u1ebfng v\u00e1n d\u1ef1ng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u00f3 l\u00ean, sau \u0111\u00f3, \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u hai mi\u1ebfng v\u00e1n n\u00e0y b\u1ea1n g\u00e1c ngang m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng v\u00e1n l\u00e0m n\u00f3c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hy L\u1ea1p v\u00e0 La M\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng, v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u1ea5y, t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 Ki t\u00f4 gi\u00e1o to\u00e0n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n d\u00f9ng v\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 ch\u01a1i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111em m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng v\u00e1n g\u00e1c ngang tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u hai mi\u1ebfng v\u00e1n d\u1ef1ng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng kia, \u0111\u1eb1ng n\u00e0y b\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n d\u00f9ng hai mi\u1ebfng v\u00e1n ch\u1ee5m \u0111\u1ea7u nghi\u00eang t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nhau th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef A \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u00f3c. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra? Hai mi\u1ebfng v\u00e1n ch\u1ee5m \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o nhau r\u1ed3i s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed5. gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2u \u00c2u b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea5y. Tr\u00ean c\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1 d\u1ef1ng th\u1eb3ng h\u1ecd l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t v\u00f2m c\u1eeda \u0111\u00e1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00f2m c\u1eeda \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e0m ng\u00e3 c\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1 d\u1ef1ng th\u1eb3ng n\u00ean h\u1ecd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t x\u00e2y th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1. Nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9t n\u00e0y c\u0169ng x\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cgi\u00e1 ch\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd cho r\u1eb1ng d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 \u0111i\u00ean r\u1ed3. H\u1ecd nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ki\u1ec3u n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ebd l\u1eafc l\u01b0 v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5. N\u0103m 476 C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c (goth) th\u00f4 l\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec, \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00dd, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 sau, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 v\u1ebb th\u00f4 k\u1ec7ch, ng\u00f4 ngh\u00ea hay hoang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1i th\u1ee9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c (gothic). V\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u nh\u00e0 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n v\u1eeba bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u gothic, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ki\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00e0y ch\u1eb3ng d\u00ednh d\u00e1ng g\u00ec t\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u1edf \u00dd t\u1eeb l\u00e2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng s\u1ebd ngh\u0129 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u00e0 d\u00f9ng gi\u00e1 ch\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec3u n\u00e0y th\u00ec nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n tr\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t x\u1ea5u x\u00ed, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb9p n\u1eefa k\u00eca.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng to nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t, m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian. Tuy tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u1ee7 c\u1ef1u cho r\u1eb1ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng theo ki\u1ec3u Hy L\u1ea1p ho\u1eb7c La M\u00e3 th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb9p, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a ki\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac gothic n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1ng gothic v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hy L\u1ea1p v\u00e0 La M\u00e3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c nhau. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1ng gothic th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1ebd m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1 quay v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam, b\u1edfi Jerusalem \u1edf v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u1ea5y. Sau \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu theo \u0111\u1ed3 d\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a> nh\u01b0 th\u1eadp t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1 n\u00e0y m\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng; do \u0111\u00f3, sau khi gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y xong, n\u1ebfu t\u1eeb tr\u00ean nh\u00ecn xu\u1ed1ng th\u00ec ng\u00f4i gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea5y r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1. gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1ng gothic c\u00f3 th\u00e1p nh\u1ecdn nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u0169i t\u00ean r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p, tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 ng\u00f3n tay ch\u1ec9 h\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1ea7u tr\u00ean c\u1eeda ra v\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n m\u00e0 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh nh\u1ecdn, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, hai tay ch\u1eafp l\u1ea1i v\u1eady. M\u1eb7t b\u00ean c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1ng gothic, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng pha l\u00ea t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh. Tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 l\u1edbn n\u00e0y h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng pha l\u00ea m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng r\u1ed3i v\u1ebd hoa l\u00ean, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng pha l\u00ea c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, kh\u1ea3m th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng ch\u00ec g\u1eafn nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n pha l\u00ea nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc kh\u00e1c nhau theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n, t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c tranh \u0111\u1eb9p tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda g\u1eafn b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng pha l\u00ea n\u00e0y so v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda d\u00f9ng b\u00fat v\u1ebd n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n, v\u00ec \u00e1nh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0o pha l\u00ea m\u00e0u khi\u1ebfn cho b\u1ee9c tranh l\u1ea5p la l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh nh\u01b0 kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda g\u1eafn b\u1eb1ng pha l\u00ea n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00f3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n trong Th\u00e1nh kinh. Ch\u00fang ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c chi quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng tranh r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft ch\u1eef r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ch\u1eef th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ch\u1eef ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c tranh \u0111\u1eb9p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 t\u00edch tr\u00ean Th\u00e1nh kinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1 trong gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eefng Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3, Thi\u00ean s\u1ee9, c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trong Th\u00e1nh kinh; ngo\u00e0i ra tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1 c\u0169ng \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt to k\u1ef3 h\u00ecnh qu\u00e1i tr\u1ea1ng. Nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt n\u00e0y th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 kh\u1eafc \u1edf ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c \u1edf m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c tr\u00ean n\u00f3c, ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, khi\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb trong \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed5 ra m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m b\u1ea9n t\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1ng gothic n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ai, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ai l\u00e0 \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc gia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1ng gothic ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1n th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea3 tr\u0103m n\u0103m m\u1edbi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xong, cho n\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ra tay ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn m\u1eaft m\u00ecnh th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. Trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Canterbury \u1edf Anh qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Notre Dame \u1edf Paris v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Cologne \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Cologne \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1n th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t, c\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3 th\u1ea3y g\u1ea7n b\u1ea3y tr\u0103m n\u0103m m\u1edbi xong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh! \u0110\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Rheims \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p su\u00fdt b\u1ecb bom \u0111\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t trong l\u1ea7n Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u00e1p nh\u1ecdn, c\u1eeda ra v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ecdn v\u00e0 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 pha l\u00ea m\u00e0u v\u1eabn theo d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c x\u01b0a; \u0111\u00e0n th\u00e1nh c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng quay v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0110\u00f4ng. C\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u, nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y tuy m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng theo d\u1ea1ng gothic m\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng d\u1ea1ng gothic x\u01b0a, b\u1edfi tr\u1ea7n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1ng gothic l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1, b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 ch\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn pha l\u00ea ng\u0169 s\u1eafc r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, tr\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7 ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c. gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng gothic t\u1ed1n hao r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn l\u1ea1i kh\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1ng gothic ch\u1eb3ng li\u00ean quan g\u00ec t\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 9 – Arkady Leokum V\u00e0o th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5, gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn nay […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15390","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15390","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15390"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15390\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15391,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15390\/revisions\/15391"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15390"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15390"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15390"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}