T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 10 – Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb calo c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng do n\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, n\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed carbon, hydrogen v\u00e0 oxygen m\u00e0 n\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a. Theo quy lu\u1eadt chung, c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m nhi\u1ec1u calori c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec1u carbon v\u00e0 hydrogen h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi oxygen, cho ch\u00fang nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi oxygen m\u1edbi v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o, v\u1edbi t\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 carbon v\u00e0 hydro- gen tr\u00ean oxygen t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u calori h\u01a1n c\u00e1c carbonhydrate \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n \u201ccalori \u00e2m\u201d, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p \u00edt calori h\u01a1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u00f3. Th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng bu\u1ed3n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng calori n\u00e0o: t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a oxygen, carbon v\u00e0 hydrogen, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, trong cu\u1ed9c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng calori hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 calori \u00e2m, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat m\u1eb9o v\u1eb7t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, v\u00ec c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 ch\u00fang. Cellulose l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady: m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i carbonhydrate ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i qua ru\u1ed9t v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng calori to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i rau nh\u01b0 c\u1ea7n t\u00e2y v\u00e0 b\u1eafp c\u1ea3i l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng calori th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb 10 t\u1edbi 20 kilocalori trong 100 gram: ch\u00fang ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh calori \u00e2m n\u1ebfu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a ch\u00fang v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nhai m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y c\u1ea7n t\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng h\u1ebft h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhai l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf; \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 quan tr\u1ecdng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a – \u201chi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec7t\u201d c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c \u0103n. C\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t b\u1eefa \u0103n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y kho\u1ea3ng 50 t\u1edbi 60 kilocalori, do \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00f4 x\u00e0 l\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p calori \u00e2m; v\u00ec n\u00f3 cho ta \u00edt h\u01a1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng calori tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nhi\u1ec1u calori \u00e2m h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u00e1ng mi\u1ec7ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng \u201c\u0103n ki\u00eang\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m ng\u1ecdt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1ecdt c\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 cho m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n u\u1ed1ng – do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a v\u00e0i calori trong m\u1ed9t lon. C\u00f2n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e2m s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khi ta \u0111\u00e3 u\u1ed1ng n\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u1ed1n kho\u1ea3ng 10 kilocalori \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u1ea5m ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. V\u00ec th\u1ee9c u\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh ch\u1ee9a kho\u1ea3ng 3 kilocalori, vi\u1ec7c u\u1ed1ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p kho\u1ea3ng 7 kilocalori \u00e2m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 tin bu\u1ed3n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ea3m c\u00e2n: l\u01b0\u1ee3ng calori \u00e2m m\u00e0 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00ed th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c, trong khi ta ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1n 3.500 kilocalori \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1t h\u1ebft n\u1eeda kg ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m calori \u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh b\u00e9o ph\u00ec.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 10 – Arkady Leokum Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb calo c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng do n\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, n\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed carbon, hydrogen […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16051","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16051","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16051"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16051\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16052,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16051\/revisions\/16052"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16051"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16051"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16051"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}