T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 10 – Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Con s\u1ed1 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 l\u1ea1 k\u00ec n\u00e0y g\u00e2y b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, theo t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Buy Nothing Day, nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, v\u1edbi 20% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, l\u1ea1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 80% ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, trong khi kho\u1ea3ng 20% tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m l\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfm 80% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng ti\u1ec1n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i chi tr\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch n\u00e0o r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i sao nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia theo t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi xem t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 80\/20 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Tuy nhi\u00ean s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 qua v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u00fd ni\u1ec7m m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 cho c\u00e1c l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Pareto, sau khi nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc Vilfredo Pareto c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t minh c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n k\u0129 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt l\u0169y th\u1eeba ng\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u0169y th\u1eeba hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa 1 v\u00e0 2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc cho ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh, \u00f4ng Pareto nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean cho ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 20% ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u00dd chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu 80% t\u1ed5ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia. V\u00e0 c\u00e0ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean h\u01a1n, khi \u00f4ng Pareto nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang cho c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Anh, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Nga, v\u00e0 qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 t\u1eeb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i thu\u1ed9c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i Victoria ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf La M\u00e3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra \u201c\u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt chung\u201d c\u1ee7a Pareto \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ea1o l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, nh\u01b0ng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u1ea1i \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Pareto \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u – \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n tham gia v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam nh\u1eefng thu nh\u1eadp hay chi ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1 t\u00edch tr\u1eef, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n,\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n qua c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tr\u00ean d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u201c\u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt l\u0169y th\u1eeba\u201d c\u1ee7a Pareto. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng quan t\u00e2m l\u00e0, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Pareto, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u0169y th\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong kho\u1ea3ng 1 v\u00e0 2. V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 80\/20 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p l\u00fd trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch qua to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chu\u1ed7i l\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c, t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e0u nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 10 – Arkady Leokum Con s\u1ed1 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 l\u1ea1 k\u00ec n\u00e0y g\u00e2y b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, theo t\u1ed5 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16117","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16117","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16117"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16117\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16118,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16117\/revisions\/16118"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16117"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16117"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16117"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}