T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 10 – Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf s\u00e2n nh\u00e0 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn trong b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u01a1n 4000 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u t\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i Ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1ng Anh su\u1ed1t nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Mark Dixon v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Michale Robinson c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc City, Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u t\u1ea1i s\u00e2n nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng cho \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e0 so v\u1edbi con s\u1ed1 1\/4 khi \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf s\u00e2n kh\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf s\u00e2n nh\u00e0, v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng do di chuy\u1ec3n cho \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 thi\u00ean v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i. Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf trong nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Richard Pollard c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc South Pacific, \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1ecf trong c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1edbn trong c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf – do \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u th\u1ee7 thi \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf xa b\u1ecb t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c say t\u00e0u xe. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4n thi \u0111\u1ea5u nh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng ch\u00e0y, trong \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tr\u1ea5n t\u0129nh c\u00e1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf s\u00e2n nh\u00e0 so v\u1edbi m\u00f4n b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1, m\u00f4n m\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u th\u1ee7 thi \u0111\u1ea5u xa b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng ti\u1ebfng g\u00e0o th\u00e9t t\u1eeb c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e0 trong su\u1ed1t 45 ph\u00fat m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ed9t ai \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u th\u1ee7 n\u00e0y thi\u1ebfu tinh th\u1ea7n th\u00e9p th\u00ec n\u00ean ghi nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng ngay c\u1ea3 ban t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u0169ng b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda b\u1edfi ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ng\u00e0n kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3 h\u00e2m m\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u0103m 1999, t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed The Lancet \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Alan Nevill v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Liverpool John Moores. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c b\u0103ng video gian l\u1eadn trong m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u th\u1eadt s\u1ef1. H\u1ecd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c \u00e2m thanh \u0111\u1ef1\u01a1c b\u1eadt l\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo d\u00f5i c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1eaft l\u1ed7i nh\u1eefng c\u1ea7u th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9i kh\u00e1ch ch\u01a1i x\u1ea5u, n\u1ebfu \u00e2m thanh b\u1ecb t\u1eaft \u0111i, d\u1ef1 thi\u00ean v\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m h\u1eb3n: \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho vi\u1ec7c, trong b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi la h\u00e9t chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f3 l\u00fd do n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh sai v\u1ec1 l\u1ed7i vi\u1ec7t v\u1ecb trong b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Quy t\u1eafc vi\u1ec7t v\u1ecb g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u tranh c\u00e3i h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c trong b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1. \u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t, quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u th\u1ee7 \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed vi\u1ec7t v\u1ecb n\u1ebfu: t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00e1i banh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec1n b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9i, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ee7 m\u00f4n \u1edf gi\u1eefa c\u1ea7u th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 v\u1ea1ch khung th\u00e0nh. C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c r\u01a1i v\u00e0o b\u1eaby vi\u1ec7t v\u1ecb v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc tr\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. Quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng n\u1eafm gi\u1eef m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1: c\u00e1c tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u s\u1ebd ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 banh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 h\u1eadu v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ee9ng sau c\u00f9ng, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 20 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i v\u1ec1 l\u1ed7i vi\u1ec7t v\u1ecb l\u00e0 sai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m tr\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Free c\u1ee7a Amsterdam, H\u00e0 Lan \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c quang h\u1ecdc d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u th\u1ee7 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o l\u1ed7i vi\u1ec7t v\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 h\u1ecd th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o l\u1ed7i \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, h\u00e3y gi\u1eef trong m\u1ed7i b\u00e0n tay m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y b\u00fat th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang l\u00ean theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u00e1nh tay, sao cho c\u00e2y b\u00fat n\u00e0y s\u1ebd b\u1ecb che ph\u00eda sau c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y b\u00fat kia. N\u1ebfu c\u00e2y b\u00fat n\u1eb1m xa nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u th\u1ee7 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u1eeba chuy\u1ec1n banh \u0111i, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i vi\u1ec7t v\u1ecb. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd h\u00e3y d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n sang ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa: \u201cc\u1ea7u th\u1ee7 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng\u201d b\u00e2y gi\u1edd c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1eadu v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i vi\u1ec7t v\u1ecb. Do \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea5t k\u00ec tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i n\u00e0o nh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 sau theo h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u th\u1ee7, v\u1edbi c\u1ea7u th\u1ee7 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng xa nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 ph\u1ea5t c\u1edd vi\u1ec7t v\u1ecb sai. Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng 90% tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i nh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda sau.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 10 – Arkady Leokum M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf s\u00e2n nh\u00e0 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn trong b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u01a1n 4000 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u t\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i Ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1ng Anh su\u1ed1t nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi ti\u1ebfn […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16150","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16150","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16150"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16150\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16151,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16150\/revisions\/16151"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16150"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16150"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16150"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}