{"id":16259,"date":"2021-11-27T20:23:44","date_gmt":"2021-11-27T13:23:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=16259"},"modified":"2021-11-27T20:23:45","modified_gmt":"2021-11-27T13:23:45","slug":"nam-cuc-da-bi-dong-bang-tu-bao-gio","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/nam-cuc-da-bi-dong-bang-tu-bao-gio\/","title":{"rendered":"Nam c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng t\u1eeb bao gi\u1edd?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 12 – Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 Robert Scott v\u00e0 Ernest Shackleton \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng, d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng than \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ec9 h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch, r\u1eb1ng Nam c\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t hoang vu \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng. M\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1991, khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra di t\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con kh\u1ee7ng long, Cryo- lophosaurus, lo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 di lang thang kh\u1eafp l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3n 190 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m. Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd r\u1eb1ng Nam c\u1ef1c l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang t\u1eafm m\u00ecnh trong \u00e1nh n\u1eafng x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u201csi\u00eau l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba\u201d kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 Gondwana. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ee9t ra c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng 160 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 Nam c\u1ef1c, \u00dac, Nam M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00f4i v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng nam. Sau kho\u1ea3ng 100 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m, ch\u00fang g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nam c\u1ef1c l\u1ea1i m\u1ea5t th\u00eam 40 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u01a1i l\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec Nam c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1ch xa c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao quanh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng h\u1ea3i l\u01b0u l\u1ea1nh. Trong 20 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m v\u1eeba qua th\u00ec \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 n\u00f3 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean – c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng r\u1eb1ng l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi b\u0103ng gi\u00e1 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng 3 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m, tuy nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i sao. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd n\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00f3ng l\u00ean g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e1!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o Scott v\u00e0 Amundsen t\u00ecm ra Nam C\u1ef1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a Scott, c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn l\u00e0: \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i bi\u1ec3n th\u00ec th\u00e2t s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n khi \u1edf g\u1ea7n v\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c, v\u00ec c\u1ea3 Scott v\u00e0 Amundsen \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb A.R.Hinks, m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia<\/a> \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Cambridge, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u1edf H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ecba l\u00fd Ho\u00e0ng gia v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1909. Nh\u01b0 Hinks \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra, s\u1ef1 t\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kinh tuy\u1ebfn \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1ef1c c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kinh \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i d\u1eb7m v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf qua. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef th\u1eb3ng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng Nam. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua vi\u1ec7c \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1edbi k\u00ednh l\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n (d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed con t\u00e0u..) v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1eadt kh\u00f4n ngoan chi\u1ebfc la b\u00e0n. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 d\u00e2n chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, Amundsen ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a Hinks, d\u00f9ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc k\u00ednh l\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e1n m\u00f2 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 v\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c. Khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9i – t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 l\u00e3o luy\u1ec7n – \u0111\u00e3 quan s\u00e1t th\u1eadt c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u1edbi k\u00ednh l\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ef1c Nam l\u00e0 trong v\u00f2ng 250m. Sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i lang thang qua l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3 ba l\u1ea7n cho ch\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c trong chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Scott \u0111\u00e3 mang m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u201cnghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 – qu\u00fd ph\u00e1i\u201d khi ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ebfn h\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng th\u1eadm ch\u00ed g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng b\u0103n kho\u0103n g\u00ec vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o ph\u00fat cu\u1ed1i \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eddi m\u1ed9t s\u0129 quan \u1edf Petty l\u00e0 Henry Bowers gia nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9i. Kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec v\u1ec1 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a Hinks, Bowers \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian trong cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 v\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c kinh v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 d\u00e0i v\u00f4 t\u1eadn trong m\u1ed9t ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t. Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i, khi h\u1ecd s\u1eafp ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ef1c Nam, Bowers v\u00e0 Scott \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea1m sai l\u1ea7m. Cho n\u00ean c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang l\u1eafm khi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Scott v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi c\u1ef1c Nam ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n Amundsen m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng: h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd t\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 12 – Arkady Leokum C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 Robert Scott v\u00e0 Ernest Shackleton \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng, d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng than \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ec9 h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch, r\u1eb1ng Nam c\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16259","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16259","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16259"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16259\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16260,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16259\/revisions\/16260"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16259"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16259"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16259"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}