T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 12 – Arkady Leokum<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0o s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1970 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean v\u1eadt l\u00fd m\u00e0 v\u1eabn la c\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c qu\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0o gi\u1edd \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00dd ni\u1ec7m m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean n\u0103m 1973, trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n gi\u1edd r\u1ea5t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, c\u1ee7a t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed T\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, \u201cC\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i V\u0169 tr\u1ee5 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t S\u1ef1 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng Ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng?\u201d. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd Edward Tryon, \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u00ec l\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 ch\u00fang ta. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ecb gi\u1eef trong v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng (n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n) v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e2m c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m mang t\u00ednh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa, n\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn Tryon \u0111\u01b0a ra gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n, v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i m\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng. C\u00e1i hay trong gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Tryon l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, cho n\u00ean c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u201ckh\u00f4ng\u201d bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh \u201cc\u00f3\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c r\u1eb1ng ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 l\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng, m\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 tung ra trong v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 Big Bang c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1n t\u1ec9 n\u0103m. S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 v\u1ebb gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p \u1ea3o thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t h\u1ea1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed li\u00ean t\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u1edf xung quanh ch\u00fang ta. S\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean \u00edt h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Tryon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c – nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec Tryon l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u201ch\u1ec7 r\u1ed7ng\u201d v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 \u201cc\u01a1 b\u1ea3n\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng\u201d bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh \u201cc\u00f3\u201d v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean t\u00ecm c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc John von Neumann \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u201ckh\u00f4ng\u201d th\u00e0nh \u201cc\u00f3\u201d qua l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p: t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, von Neumann \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u00e0i t\u00ecnh r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf l\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a \u201ct\u1eadp h\u1ee3p r\u1ed7ng\u201d, t\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a g\u00ec b\u00ean trong.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc n\u1eafm gi\u1eef ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a cho tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u00e0 \u201cc\u00f3\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o n\u00ean t\u1eeb \u201ckh\u00f4ng\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f2n mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 trong th\u1eadt t\u1ebf \u201ckh\u00f4ng\u201d l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111ang c\u00f3 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh do s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean suy ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00f3\u201d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: H\u00e3y Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi Em T\u1ea1i Sao? \u2013 T\u1eadp 12 – Arkady Leokum Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0o s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1970 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean v\u1eadt […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16359","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16359","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16359"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16359\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16360,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16359\/revisions\/16360"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16359"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16359"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16359"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}