{"id":16963,"date":"2021-12-07T15:53:37","date_gmt":"2021-12-07T08:53:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=16963"},"modified":"2021-12-07T15:53:39","modified_gmt":"2021-12-07T08:53:39","slug":"su-that-ve-quai-vat-doc-nhan-cyclope","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/su-that-ve-quai-vat-doc-nhan-cyclope\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ef0 TH\u1eacT V\u1ec0 QU\u00c1I V\u1eacT \u0110\u1ed8C NH\u00c3N CYCLOPE"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: Nh\u1eefng b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i &#8211; Minh Anh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00e0o th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 nh\u1eefng x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ecd t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Sicile (Italia) ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y b\u00ed \u1ea9n: R\u1ea5t to v\u00e0 \u1edf gi\u1eefa tr\u00e1n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1. Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ebft t\u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt Cyclope kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 m\u00e0 Homere \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng ca Odysses?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chuy\u1ec7n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng th\u00e0nh Troie c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi thu\u1ef7 th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u00e0n gh\u00e9 v\u00e0o b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Sicile, v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt Cyclopes (m\u1ed9t m\u1eaft) 2.700 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 \u0111\u1eabm m\u00e1u gi\u1eefa Ulysse, vua x\u1ee9 Ithaque v\u00e0 Polypheme, con qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt m\u1ed9t m\u1eaft kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, con c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n, r\u1ea5t th\u00edch \u0103n th\u1ecbt ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kho\u1ea3ng 2.000 n\u0103m sau, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i v\u00f4 danh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 trong m\u1ed9t hang \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00eda b\u1eafc Sicile nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea9u x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ecd b\u00ed \u1ea9n. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 tr\u00ean tr\u00e1n. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang l\u00e0 ai?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a b\u00e0o thai d\u1ecb d\u1ea1ng?<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, c\u00f3 thi s\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Italia, Boccade, cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 v\u1ebft t\u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con Cyclope trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng ca Odysses! V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. T\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 V tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean, tri\u1ebft gia Hy L\u1ea1p Empedocle \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 x\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. C\u00f2n sinh v\u1eadt m\u1ed9t m\u1eaft c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u00f3c g\u00ec l\u00e0 hoang t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea3. Thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00f4i khi v\u1eabn g\u00e1n cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng d\u1ecb d\u1ea1ng k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1, nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u00e3n (Cyclope). T\u1eeb s\u00e1u tu\u1ea7n, m\u0169i c\u1ee7a b\u00e0o thai m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1eefa v\u00e0 hai m\u1eaft nh\u00edch l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t. \u0110\u1ee9a b\u00e9 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 may s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t v\u00ec n\u00e3o \u0111\u00e3 ng\u01b0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm. Theo c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129, \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ecb d\u1ea1ng do gene, m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u vitamin A l\u00fac mang thai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u1ecb v\u1eadt trong x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>S\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Homere<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"Vietlearn\" rel=\"nofollow\">h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3<\/a> b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nghi ng\u1edd v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Odysses. Athanasius Kircher l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean th\u1eafc m\u1eafc v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f9i \u0111\u1ea7u trong th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y b\u1ea3n vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Boccade. Theo nh\u00e0 th\u01a1, con qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt n\u00e0y cao kh\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 100m. Khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u1ea1i, Kircher kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 cao c\u00f3 10m. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 c\u00e1i s\u1ecd c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i voi. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nghi ng\u1edd g\u00ec n\u1eefa v\u00ec c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ecd t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con voi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVIII, m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 sinh h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, m\u1ed7i lo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. N\u0103m 1914, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u00c1o Othenio Abel xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ecd \u1edf Sicile v\u00e0 cho bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a gi\u1ed1ng voi l\u00f9n Mnaidriensis, \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 10.000 n\u0103m. Othenio Abel l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u1ea9u x\u01b0\u01a1ng voi truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Cyclope. C\u00e1i l\u1ed7 tr\u00ean tr\u00e1n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u1ed1c m\u0169i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 v\u00f2i g\u1eafn v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u. M\u1eaft th\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 hai l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 n\u1eb1m \u1edf hai b\u00ean. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, nh\u1eefng m\u1eabu x\u01b0\u01a1ng voi \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 Homere.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: Nh\u1eefng b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i &#8211; Minh Anh V\u00e0o th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 nh\u1eefng x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ecd t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Sicile (Italia) ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y b\u00ed \u1ea9n: R\u1ea5t to v\u00e0 \u1edf gi\u1eefa tr\u00e1n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1. Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ebft t\u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt Cyclope [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16963","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kham-pha"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16963","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16963"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16963\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16964,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16963\/revisions\/16964"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16963"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16963"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16963"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}