{"id":16965,"date":"2021-12-07T15:53:45","date_gmt":"2021-12-07T08:53:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=16965"},"modified":"2021-12-07T15:53:46","modified_gmt":"2021-12-07T08:53:46","slug":"di-vat-ky-la-trong-co-the-nguoi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/di-vat-ky-la-trong-co-the-nguoi\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u1eca V\u1eacT K\u1ef2 L\u1ea0 TRONG C\u01a0 TH\u1ec2 NG\u01af\u1edcI"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm: Nh\u1eefng b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i – Minh Anh<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t n\u1eef b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n 30 tu\u1ed5i ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. Ch\u1ee5p X quang, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft tr\u00f2n m\u00e0u th\u1eabm trong \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4. V\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ea7n 5 mm v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do v\u1eadt l\u1ea1 tr\u1edf n\u00ean trong su\u1ed1t d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a tia R\u01a1nghen, c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia<\/a> y t\u1ebf k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 x\u1ebfp d\u1ecb v\u1eadt tr\u00ean v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i “kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eeb 30 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed khoa h\u1ecdc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 nghi\u00eam t\u00fac v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00e1c v\u1eadt k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u00e0o gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980, Harloy v\u00e0 Clark, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u1edf Oxford, Anh, khi d\u00f9ng k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi ki\u1ec3m tra n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef mang thai, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t d\u1ecb v\u1eadt c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ea7n 0,5 mm n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eafc th\u1ec3. N\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ma tr\u1eadn g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng x\u1ebfp th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng, c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n. Trong b\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nature l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi d\u1ecb v\u1eadt ki\u1ec3u tr\u00ean l\u00e0 implant, \u00fd n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5y t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ee5c t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ef9 (CIA) t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m v\u1eadt c\u1ea5y (implant) r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. CIA c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia<\/a> h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u chuy\u00ean nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Roger Leir. T\u1eeb gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 1990, Roger Leir \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n 100 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt l\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1eb1m trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng d\u1ecb v\u1eadt ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng d\u1ecb v\u1eadt l\u00fd th\u00fa \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng ch\u1eef T d\u00e0i g\u1ea7n 1 cm. N\u00f3 g\u1eafn v\u00e0o x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef kho\u1ebb m\u1ea1nh t\u00ean l\u00e0 Patricia v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao ph\u1ee7 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng sinh h\u1ecdc m\u00e0u t\u1ed1i, ngay c\u1ea3 dao m\u1ed5 s\u1eafc c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 t\u00e1ch ra. L\u1edbp m\u00e0ng k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n l\u00f5i c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ecb v\u1eadt l\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n. Ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4 xung quang d\u1ecb v\u1eadt c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n hay n\u00f3i \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i. “D\u1ecb v\u1eadt g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi x\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec, khi n\u00e0o v\u00e0 v\u00ec sao, t\u00f4i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5. Ph\u1ea7n da b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft s\u1eb9o n\u00e0o d\u00f9 l\u00e0 nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eadt l\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt”, ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Leir ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c d\u1ecb v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y ra t\u1eeb c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u m\u00e0u x\u00e1m nh\u1ea1t r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng nhau c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng canxi, ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn. Trong b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a CIA c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ecb v\u1eadt h\u00ecnh kim c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c\u2026 thi\u00ean th\u1ea1ch. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0ng h\u1eefu c\u01a1 bao b\u1ecdc xung quanh, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng s\u01b0ng t\u1ea5y hay u nang. Trong r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng sinh h\u1ecdc bao quanh c\u00e1c d\u1ecb v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb keratin – m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o da, th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m \u1edf l\u1edbp ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a da ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c d\u1ecb v\u1eadt trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Roger Leir<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eeb h\u01a1n 10 n\u0103m nay, tr\u00ean da c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u1edf Nga theo \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 nh\u00f4 ra nh\u1eefng\u2026 m\u1ea9u nh\u1ecf kim lo\u1ea1i \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed huy\u1ec7t ch\u00e2m c\u1ee9u, g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u kh\u1ecfi. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ecb v\u1eadt c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb 1mm \u0111\u1ebfn 1 cm, ch\u1ee9a silic, magie v\u00e0 b\u1ea1c. Nh\u1eefng ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb” nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9 sao c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u01b0 thu\u1ef7 ng\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec7n 53 tu\u1ed5i Pavel Popkov \u1edf Nikolaiev-an-Amur (Nga). B\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt sau khi m\u1ed5 v\u1ebft s\u01b0ng t\u1ea5y tr\u00ean vai \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t\u2026 nh\u00fam thu\u1ef7 ng\u00e2n \u00f3ng \u00e1nh. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m tra sau \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 sinh ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Pavel Popkov ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ef7 ng\u00e2n \u0111ang n\u1eb1m trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Thu\u1ef7 ng\u00e2n c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y kh\u1eafp ng\u01b0\u1eddi Popkov, tr\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 thu\u1ef7 ng\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 anh ta b\u1eb1ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eam, nh\u01b0ng Pavel Popkov \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t v\u1ebft s\u01b0ng t\u1ea5y c\u00f3 thu\u1ef7 ng\u00e2n n\u1eefa c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t ch\u00e0ng trai m\u1edbi 18 tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00f4ng tin g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1ea5t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n kim lo\u1ea1i trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p, qua c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia<\/a> ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt tr\u1ebb em n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng Andre Mayer t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Khi \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 m\u1edbi 6 th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh tim v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tr\u1ee5c tr\u1eb7c trong tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n m\u00e1u. Ngay sau khi m\u1edf l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Mayer ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb1m ngay c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ee7. Sau khi l\u1ea5y d\u1ecb v\u1eadt ra, b\u1ec7nh tim c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 c\u0169ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. C\u1ea3 b\u00e1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00ec sao m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1edbn c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n t\u1eeb h\u1ed3i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVIII – XIX l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eb1m ngay b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh tim c\u1ee7a c\u1eadu b\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng l\u00fac v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed tr\u00e1i v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 nhau (A). Nh\u1eefng li\u00ean k\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 (B) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed tr\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i (C)<\/p>\n\n\n\n