{"id":20113,"date":"2021-12-17T13:24:07","date_gmt":"2021-12-17T06:24:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=20113"},"modified":"2021-12-17T13:24:09","modified_gmt":"2021-12-17T06:24:09","slug":"thong-ke","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/thong-ke\/","title":{"rendered":"TH\u1ed0NG K\u00ca"},"content":{"rendered":"

I \u2013 LY\u0301 THUY\u00ca\u0301T<\/strong><\/p>\n

I.1 \u2013 B\u1ea2NG PH\u00c2N B\u1ed0 T\u1ea6N S\u1ed0 V\u00c0 T\u1ea6N SU\u1ea4T <\/strong><\/p>\n

I.1.1 – M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00b7 M\u1ed9t t\u1eadp con h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u tra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 S\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eabu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u00b7 C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/strong> Khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea (theo m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc), c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u00e0 thu th\u1eadp c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/em>: S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng k\u00ea \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00f4n to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp 10A<\/p>\n\n\n\n
7 7 6 \u00a06 8 \u00a0 6 5 5 \u00a0\u00a09 10 9 10 9 5 4 \u00a06 7 5 8 6 \u00a07 \u00a05 8 7 6 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a06 9 4 \u00a0 6 8 9 9 \u00a05 6 7 7 \u00a06 8 \u00a04 9 7 7 8 6 5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

I.1.2 – \u0110i\u0323nh nghi\u0303a:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u00e3y \"IMG_256\" s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u00e3 cho c\u00f3 \"IMG_257\" gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau \"IMG_258\" . G\u1ecdi \"IMG_259\" l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1ea5t k\u00ec trong \"IMG_260\" gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3, ta c\u00f3:<\/p>\n

T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1<\/em><\/strong>: s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb xi<\/sub> trong d\u00e3y s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 cho g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1<\/em><\/strong> c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3, k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \"IMG_261\" .<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/em>:<\/strong> Trong b\u1ea3ng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean ta th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 7 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau l\u00e0<\/p>\n

\"IMG_262\"<\/p>\n

\"IMG_263\" xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n 3 l\u1ea7n \"IMG_264\" (t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a \"IMG_265\" l\u00e0 3) T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t<\/em><\/strong>: S\u1ed1 \"IMG_266\" \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb <\/em><\/strong> \"IMG_267\" (t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \"IMG_268\" , t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m)<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/em>:<\/strong> x1<\/sub> c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 3, do \u0111\u00f3: \"IMG_269\" hay \"IMG_270\" = 5%<\/p>\n

I.1.3 – B\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
T\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\nT\u1ea7n s\u1ed1<\/td>\nT\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t (%)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
x1<\/sub><\/p>\n

x2<\/sub><\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

xk<\/sub><\/td>\n

n1<\/sub><\/p>\n

n2<\/sub><\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

nk<\/sub><\/td>\n

f<\/em>1<\/sub><\/p>\n

f<\/em>2<\/sub><\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

.<\/p>\n

f<\/em>k<\/sub><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

C\u1ed9ng<\/td>\nn1<\/sub>+\u2026+nk<\/sub><\/td>\n100\u00a0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/em>:<\/strong> B\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m tra 15\u2019 m\u00f4n to\u00e1n 10CB<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec3m to\u00e1n<\/td>\nT\u1ea7n s\u1ed1<\/td>\nT\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t ( %)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/p>\n

5<\/p>\n

6<\/p>\n

7<\/p>\n

8<\/p>\n

9<\/p>\n

10<\/td>\n

3<\/p>\n

7<\/p>\n

11<\/p>\n

9<\/p>\n

6<\/p>\n

7<\/p>\n

2<\/td>\n

6,67<\/p>\n

15,56<\/p>\n

24,44<\/p>\n

20<\/p>\n

13,33<\/p>\n

15,6<\/p>\n

4,4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

C\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n45<\/td>\n100%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Ch\u00fa \u00fd<\/em><\/strong>: N\u1ebfu b\u1ecf c\u1ed9t t\u1ea7ng s\u1ed1 th\u00ec ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t<\/em><\/strong>; b\u1ecf c\u1ed9t t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t th\u00ec ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

I.1.4 – B\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t gh\u00e9p l\u1edbp<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed \"IMG_271\" d\u00e3y s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng k\u00ea \u0111\u00e3 cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n v\u00e0o \"IMG_272\" l\u1edbp<\/strong> ( \"IMG_273\" ). X\u00e9t l\u1edbp th\u1ee9 \"IMG_274\" trong \"IMG_275\" l\u1edbp \u0111\u00f3, ta c\u00f3:<\/p>\n

S\u1ed1 \"IMG_276\" c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng k\u00ea thu\u1ed9c l\u1edbp th\u1ee9 \"IMG_277\" \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp \u0111\u00f3<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

S\u1ed1 \"IMG_278\" \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp th\u1ee9 <\/em><\/strong> \"IMG_279\"<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/em>:<\/strong> Theo b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng k\u00ea tr\u00ean ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh 3 l\u1edbp [4;7), [7;9), [9;10]<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
L\u1edbp \u0111i\u1ec3m\u00a0 to\u00e1n<\/td>\nT\u1ea7n s\u1ed1<\/td>\nT\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t ( %)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[4;7)<\/p>\n

[7;9)<\/p>\n

[9;10]<\/td>\n

21<\/p>\n

15<\/p>\n

9<\/td>\n

46,67<\/p>\n

33,33<\/p>\n

20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

C\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n45<\/td>\n100%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

B\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t gh\u00e9p l\u1edbp<\/em><\/strong>. N\u1ebfu b\u1ecf<\/em><\/strong> c\u1ed9t t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u00ec ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t gh\u00e9p l\u1edbp<\/em><\/strong>; N\u1ebfu b\u1ecf<\/em><\/strong> c\u1ed9t t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t th\u00ec ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 gh\u00e9p l\u1edbp.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

I.1.5 \u2013 B\u00c0I T\u1eacP M\u1eaaU<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u1ea1ng 1: l\u1eadp b\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p:<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp b\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 – t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t t\u1eeb s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u ban \u0111\u1ea7u, ta th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n