Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u01a1 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4n v\u1eadt l\u00fd b\u1eadc trung h\u1ecdc ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c kh\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sau m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc, t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00f4ng tin qua s\u00e1ch v\u1edf. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u01a1 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n c\u01a1 n\u0103ng th\u00ec \u0111\u1eebng b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0o trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft Vietlearn.org d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u01a1 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n sinh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt. Khi v\u1eadt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec c\u01a1 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn. C\u01a1 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng v\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u0103ng; l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt th\u1ec3. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 Jun (J)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Khi v\u1eadt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc th\u00ec v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 n\u0103ng, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng \u0111ang gi\u1eef y\u00ean \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao h so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bu\u00f4ng ra n\u00ean sinh ra c\u01a1 n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 n\u0103ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u01a1 n\u0103ng chia l\u00e0m 2 d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u01a1 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra do chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng. Khi m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e0ng nhanh, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 h\u00f2n bi \u0111ang l\u0103n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ebf n\u0103ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ebf n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u0103ng tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, c\u01a1 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ed1c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9 cao. V\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1ch c\u00e0ng cao so v\u1edbi m\u1ed1c t\u00ednh th\u00ec th\u00ec n\u0103ng c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, khi v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed1c t\u00ednh th\u1ebf n\u0103ng tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fac n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng 0, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea1t tr\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ngo\u00e0i th\u1ebf n\u0103ng tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt th\u00ec c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf th\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u0103ng c\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf. Th\u1ebf n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u01a1 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 l\u00f2 x\u00f2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed9t v\u1eadt c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng, c\u01a1 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt s\u1ebd l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng. Khi m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec c\u01a1 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng v\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u0103ng. Ta c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 n\u0103ng sau: W=W\u0111+Wt=1\/2mv2+mgz<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n c\u01a1 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ch\u1ecb t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i qua l\u1ea1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ecdng tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1edfi v\u1eadt m\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n c\u01a1 n\u0103ng: Trong khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 v\u1eadt ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh th\u1ebf n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i th\u1ebf n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng. T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u01a1 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt trong tr\u1ecdng tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ebfu th\u1ebf n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt gi\u1ea3m th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt s\u1ebd t\u0103ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i khi \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt t\u0103ng th\u1ebf n\u0103ng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u0103ng s\u1ebd \u1edf c\u1ef1c ti\u1ec3u v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, th\u1ebf n\u0103ng \u1edf c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng s\u1ebd c\u1ef1c ti\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n c\u01a1 n\u0103ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00fang khi v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ngo\u00e0i tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ebfu v\u1eadt ch\u1ecbu th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb l\u1ef1c ma s\u00e1t, l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n th\u00ec c\u01a1 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt s\u1ebd b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean c\u01a1 n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u01a1 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt c\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb qu\u00fd b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc, c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 C\u00f3. Khi m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 xo th\u00ec c\u01a1 n\u0103ng s\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng v\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt. \u0110\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mong r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u01a1 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec r\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc, \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p n\u00e0o qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng h\u00e3y comment ph\u00eda cu\u1ed1i b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tr\u1edf n\u00ean ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn C\u01a1 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4n v\u1eadt l\u00fd b\u1eadc trung h\u1ecdc ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c kh\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sau m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecdc, t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00f4ng tin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3330","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vat-ly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3330","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3330"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3330\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3330"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3330"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3330"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}