{"id":3350,"date":"2021-10-20T16:51:55","date_gmt":"2021-10-20T09:51:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=3350"},"modified":"2021-10-22T18:08:44","modified_gmt":"2021-10-22T11:08:44","slug":"hieu-dien-the-la-gi-cong-thuc-tinh-don-vi-do","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/hieu-dien-the-la-gi-cong-thuc-tinh-don-vi-do\/","title":{"rendered":"Hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00ec hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu \u00edch qu\u00fd b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eebng b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0o trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m li\u00ean quan<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bao quanh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch, g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch. \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1c l\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7t trong n\u00f3. N\u01a1i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch th\u00ec xung quanh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m M trong \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o ra th\u1ebf n\u0103ng khi \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3 \u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch q; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng, l\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch q khi di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb M ra xa v\u00f4 c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a P.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>VM=AMq<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y cho t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m kia. Hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (l\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n) ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t \u0111i, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf gi\u1eefa 2 c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ch\u00fang bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y cho \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m kia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd, hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf c\u00f3 k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 U<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf l\u00e0 v\u00f4n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 V. Ngo\u00e0i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00f4n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 milivon (mV) hay l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 kilovon (kV) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1ch quy \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa V v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c: 1mV=0.001V, 1kV= 1000V,\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0: U=I.R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I: C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n (A)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R: \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n ()<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>U: Hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf (V)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf c\u00f3 k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Vhay U th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn h\u01a1n l\u00e0 V ho\u1eb7c U. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadt l\u00fd 7 ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt l\u00fd 11.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh: VM=AMqAMq<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf gi\u1eefa 2 \u0111i\u1ec3m trong \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch di chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa 2 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>=&gt; UMN=VM-VN=AMNqAMNq<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ch\u00fa \u00fd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf, hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f4 h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u00e2m ho\u1eb7c d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf gi\u1eefa 2 \u0111i\u1ec3m M,N trong \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m trong t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, vect\u01a1 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eeb n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf cao sang n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong V\u1eadt l\u00fd 11 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf gi\u1eefa 2 \u0111i\u1ec3m M,N trong \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m M \u0111\u1ebfn N. Hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1 gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch q trong s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a q t\u1eeb M cho \u0111\u1ebfn N v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a q.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>UMN=VM -VN=AMNq<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110o hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 v\u00f4n k\u1ebf. V\u00f4n k\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia ra l\u00e0m 2 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4n k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 kim v\u00e0 v\u00f4n k\u1ebf hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u1ed1. C\u1ea3 2 lo\u1ea1i v\u00f4n k\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 nhau, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Quan s\u00e1t tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t v\u00f4n k\u1ebf b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o c\u1ee7a v\u00f4n k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t v\u00f4n k\u1ebf ghi l\u00e0 V th\u00ec \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u00e0 v\u00f4n, c\u00f2n n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 mV th\u00ec l\u00e0 milivon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1ch \u0111o hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111o b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb do v\u00e0 chia \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u00f4n k\u1ebf. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n m\u1eafc v\u00f4n k\u1ebf song song v\u1edbi 2 c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng (+) s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eafc v\u1edbi c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi c\u1ef1c (-). S\u1ed1 v\u00f4n hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf gi\u1eefa 2 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n khi ch\u01b0a m\u1eafc v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ch. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u00f4n k\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kim, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111o b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i quan s\u00e1t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a kim v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9nh n\u00f3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111o \u0111\u1ec3 cho ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pin tr\u00f2n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf U=1.5V<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1eaec quy xe m\u00e1y U=9 ho\u1eb7c 12V<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1ed4 \u0111i\u1ec7n trong nh\u00e0 U=220V<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1ede m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u01b0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, \u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec7n trong nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 U=110V<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f3 kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n sai b\u1edfi ch\u00fang l\u00e0 2 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1ed9p chung m\u00e0 c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn. C\u1ea3 2 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a electron trong \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m A \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m B.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf gi\u1eefa 2 c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u00ednh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u00ednh l\u00e0 V\u00f4n k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 V<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u00e0 Ampe, k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u A<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ta c\u0169ng s\u1ebd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>K\u00ed hi\u1ec7u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 U, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 I.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>=&gt;&gt; Gi\u1eefa hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00ec c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Trong m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau n\u00ean b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc n\u00e0o li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, qu\u00fd b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc h\u00e3y comment ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u1ea5t nh\u00e9!.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00ec hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3350","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vat-ly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3350","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3350"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3350\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3350"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3350"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3350"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}