Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch l\u1ecdc, m\u1ea1ch dao \u0111\u1ed9ng hay c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u xoay chi\u1ec1u. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec? c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0o? \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1ea5t, qu\u00fd b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc h\u00e3y theo d\u00f5i nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi 2 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7t song song \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch b\u1edfi l\u1edbp \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i. l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi 2 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7t song song \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch b\u1edfi l\u1edbp \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i. Khi c\u00f3 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf t\u1ea1i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0ng tr\u00e1i d\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n 1 chi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd cho d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u \u0111i qua nh\u1edd nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ph\u00f3ng n\u1ea1p. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u01b0 m\u1ea1ch l\u1ecdc ngu\u1ed3n, l\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec5u hay m\u1ea1ch truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u xoay quanh chi\u1ec1u m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u00ed hi\u1ec7u t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 C, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00ean vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Capacitor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 F (Fara), trong \u0111\u00f3 1 Fara: 1F = 10-6MicroFara = 10-9 Nano Fara = 10-12 Pico Fara<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t linh ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 2 c\u1ef1c th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n hay t\u00edch t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1edfi 2 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng. 2 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch b\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. Khi 2 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u \u0111i qua, c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0ng tr\u00e1i d\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n g\u1ed1m \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 2 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf d\u1ea1ng t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i. Hai b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t song song v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n g\u1ed3m th\u1ee7y tinh, gi\u1ea5y t\u1ea9m h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, g\u1ed1m hay mica,\u2026C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00edch tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf gi\u1eefa b\u1ea1n c\u1ef1c th\u00ec t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed th\u00ec s\u1ebd g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, l\u00e0 gi\u1ea5y s\u1ebd g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ee5 gi\u1ea5y,..<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n nay<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 4 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ee5 h\u00f3a: L\u00e0 t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c (-), (+), h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5. Tr\u00ean th\u00e2n t\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n dung t\u1eeb 0.47F \u0111\u1ebfn 4700F<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ee5 gi\u1ea5y, t\u1ee5 mica v\u00e0 t\u1ee5 g\u1ed1m: L\u00e0 t\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c, c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1eb9t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u00e2m, d\u01b0\u01a1ng. Tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u tr\u00ean th\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ba s\u1ed1, \u0111i\u1ec7n dung c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1 nh\u1ecf kho\u1ea3ng 0.47F<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ee5 xoay: L\u00e0 t\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xoay \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n dung, t\u1ee5 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u1edf trong radio \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng khi b\u1ea1n d\u00f2 \u0111\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ee5 Lithium ion: C\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ef1c cao d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n 1 chi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ph\u00f3ng n\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00edch tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u1eafc quy nh\u1ecf d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u00f3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c electron v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng ra c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi \u1eafc quy l\u00e0 t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh ra \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch electron.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd n\u1ea1p x\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n. Nh\u1edd t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y m\u00e0 t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 2 b\u1ea3n m\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t m\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean theo th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1eafm n\u1ea1p ho\u1eb7c x\u1ea3 t\u1ee5 th\u00ec r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ed5 do d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng g\u00ec ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft th\u00ec t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 linh ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. T\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f2n c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 l\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p xoay chi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p 1 chi\u1ec1u b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf pha \u00e2m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng khuyeechs \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u, cho \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p xoay chi\u1ec1u \u0111i qua v\u00e0 ng\u0103n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1eddi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u (AC) t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f2n v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n 1 chi\u1ec1u th\u00ec tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u1ee5 l\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n dung c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110i\u1ec7n dung c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110i\u1ec7n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf gi\u1eefa b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 C=QU<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n dung c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1eb3ng: C=S9.109.4.d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n dung l\u00e0 fara, k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 F<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fara l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n dung c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 gi\u1eefa hai b\u1ea3n t\u1ee5 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf 1V th\u00ec n\u00f3 t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch 1C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng chi c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n dung t\u1eeb 10-12F \u0111\u1ebfn 10-16F<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Khi t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef m\u1ed9t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
W=Q.U3= C.U22= Q22C<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1u mang n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec? T\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u00e0 linh ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c bo m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p cho \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 tivi, t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh, m\u00e1y gi\u1eb7t,\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng- \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 1 pha th\u00ec b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t motor, g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 2 lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 t\u1ee5 ng\u1eadm v\u00e0 t\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec1. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea1p v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u1ea1ch khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i \u1edf c\u00e1c m\u00e1y h\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y kim lo\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn, m\u00e1y h\u00e0n c\u01a1 t\u0103ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng l\u00f5i kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00edch tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u1eafc quy, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ti\u00eau hao n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. T\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n cho ph\u00e9p d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u \u0111i qua c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111a n\u0103ng, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c cho vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p qua t\u1ee5. Khi \u0111i\u1ec7n dung c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 c\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf th\u00ec dung kh\u00e1ng c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1edd v\u00e0o nguy\u00ean l\u00fd n\u1ea1p x\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng minh, ng\u0103n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p xoay chi\u1ec1u \u0111i qua m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf. T\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf pha \u00e2m n\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p xoay chi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh \u00e1p m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00edch t\u1ee5 trong t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
W = QU\/3 = C<\/em>U2\/2 = Q2\/(2*C)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hi\u1ec7n nay, t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u00e2m thanh hay m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1eadt l\u00fd, v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n,\u2026v\u00e0 c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a bo m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1ch m\u1eafc t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00f3 2 c\u00e1ch m\u1eafc t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eafc n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1c t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eafc n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n dung t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng Ctd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: 1\/Ctd=(1\/C1) + (1\/C2) + (1\/C3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 2 t\u1ee5 m\u1eafc n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp th\u00ec Ctd= C1.C2\/ (C1+C2)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Khi m\u1eafc n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ee5 c\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i: Utd=U1+U2+U3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ee5 h\u00f3a khi m\u1eafc n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd chi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed1i c\u1ef1c \u00e2m tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi n\u1ed1i c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o t\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eafc song song<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1c t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n song song th\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n dung t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n dung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ee5 c\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i Ctd=C1+C2+C3<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ee5 h\u00f3a th\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea5u c\u00f9ng chi\u1ec1u \u00e2m d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1ch x\u1ea3 t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n an to\u00e0n<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1ch x\u1ea3 t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n an to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tua v\u00edt c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00f3 t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1ea3 t\u1ee5 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p DC c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3, khi \u0111o s\u1ebd c\u00f3 3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p sau khi \u0111o d\u01b0\u1edbi 10V th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ea1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u1ebfu gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111o t\u1eeb 10V-99V th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng tua v\u00edt<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eddi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m V th\u00ec b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 x\u1ea3 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1ea1n \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb 10-99V th\u00ec quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng tua v\u00edt s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ch\u1ecdn tua v\u00edt c\u00f3 tay c\u1ea7m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u1ea7m ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng 1 tay, tay c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ea7m tua v\u00edt ch\u1ea1m c\u00f9ng l\u00fac v\u00e0o 2 ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5. L\u00fac n\u00e0y b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y tia l\u1eeda \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eafn ra t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1ee5 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ea3. Sau khi x\u1ea3 xong b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng cho ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p l\u00ean t\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m V th\u00ec quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. B\u1ea1n l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf 20K Ohm v\u00e0 n\u1ed1i 2 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u k\u1eb9p c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u, k\u1eb9p 2 \u0111\u1ea7u k\u1eb9p v\u00e0o 2 ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ea3. \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng \u0111o l\u1ea1i sau khi x\u1ea3 nh\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n L\u01b0u \u00fd cho b\u1ea1n khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thao t\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o ch\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gi\u1eadt, r\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafc m\u1eafc t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec, k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n r\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p, qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng h\u00e3y comment ph\u00ed d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean Vietlearn.org s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p b\u1ea1n nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n!<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn T\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch l\u1ecdc, m\u1ea1ch dao \u0111\u1ed9ng hay c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u xoay chi\u1ec1u. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u1ee5 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3354","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vat-ly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3354","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3354"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3354\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3354"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3354"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3354"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}