Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn<\/p>\n\n\n\n
CPU l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng linh ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, l\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, laptop. V\u1eady CPU l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ra sao? T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vietlearn.org gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
CPU l\u00e0 g\u00ec? CPU l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a wikipedia, CPU l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed trong m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc, logic, so s\u00e1nh hay c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng xu\u1ea5t, nh\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n do m\u00e3 l\u1ec7nh ch\u1ec9 ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
CPU l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb Central Processing Unit trong ti\u1ebfng Anh. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. B\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh CPU s\u1ebd x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh m\u00e0 n\u00f3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ea1y trong m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd trung t\u00e2m CPU l\u00e0 g\u00ec c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng sau \u0111\u00f3 \u201cra l\u1ec7nh\u201d cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Central Processing Unit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i Intel v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a Ted Hoff v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970. B\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Intel ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 vi x\u1eed l\u00fd 4004. Chip CPU th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t chip \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf c\u1eafm CPU. \u1ede d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a con chip l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ch\u00e2n n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1eebng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eafm CPU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a CPU<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i CPU nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i CPU th\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i gi\u1ed1ng nhau. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u b\u00f3ng b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch nh\u1ecf. B\u1ed9 vi x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00e1y t\u00ednh CPU g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 5 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 CU, ALU v\u00e0 Registers:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kh\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n CU- Control Unit<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a CPU th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 th\u00f4ng d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u1edfi xung nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch logic so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi linh ki\u1ec7n b\u00e1n d\u1eabn t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ALU \u2013 Arithmetic Logic Unit<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, ALU c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 logic sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho c\u00e1c thanh ghi ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c thanh ghi (Registers)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb c\u00f3 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy c\u1eadp c\u00e0ng cao, n\u1eb1m ngay trong CPU, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi c\u00e1c to\u00e1n h\u1ea1ng, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c \u00f4 nh\u1edb ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng tin \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. M\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t thanh ghi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Thanh ghi quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfm ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh (PC- Program Counter) ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd thi h\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Opcode<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ph\u1ea7n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb ch\u1ee9a m\u00e3 m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a CPU \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh trong file th\u1ef1c thi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 xung nh\u1ecbp. M\u1ea1ch xung nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c x\u1eed l\u00fd trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i CPU theo c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed CPU, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 xung nh\u1ecbp c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 clock speed v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Intel 404 l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o 11\/1971, c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 2.300 linh ki\u1ec7n b\u00e1n d\u1eabn transistor, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n 60.000 thao t\u00e1c\/gi\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hi\u1ec7n nay b\u1ed9 vi x\u1eed l\u00fd CPU \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 si\u00eau ph\u00e2n lu\u1ed3ng nh\u1eb1m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. Nhi\u1ec1u lu\u1ed3ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u01a1n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i nh\u00e2n CPU. \u1ede th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, CPU s\u1edf h\u1eefu xung nh\u1ecbp m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ef1c cao cho ph\u00e9p x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n nhanh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ed9 vi x\u1eed l\u00fd nhanh h\u01a1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd Intel 80486 nhanh h\u01a1n b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd 80386. Sau khi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd Intel Pentium, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Celeron, Pentium,\u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c t\u00ean kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac 32bit v\u00e0 64 bit t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i CPU ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd AMD<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K6-2<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K6-III<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Athlon<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Duron<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Athlon XP<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sempron<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Athlon 64<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mobile Athlon 64<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Athlon XP-M<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Athlon 64 FX<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Turion 64<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Athlon 64 X2<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Turion 64 X2<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Phenom FX<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Phenom X4<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Phenom X3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Athlon 6-series<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Athlon 4-series<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Athlon X2<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Phenom II<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Athlon II<\/p>\n\n\n\n
E2 series<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A4 series<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A6 series<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A8 series<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A10 series<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd Intel<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4004<\/p>\n\n\n\n
8080<\/p>\n\n\n\n
8086<\/p>\n\n\n\n
8087<\/p>\n\n\n\n
8088<\/p>\n\n\n\n
80286 (286)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
80386 (386)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
80486 (486)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pentium<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pentium w\/ MMX<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pentium Pro<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pentium II<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Celeron<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pentium III<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pentium M<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Celeron M<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pentium 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mobile Pentium 4-M<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pentium D<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pentium Extreme Edition<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Core Duo<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Core 2 Duo<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Core i3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Core i5<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Core i7<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m AMD Opteron, Intel Itanium v\u00e0 Xeon l\u00e0 c\u00e1c CPU \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh tr\u1ea1ng cao c\u1ea5p. M\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CPU AMD. Nh\u1eefng CPU n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u00edt \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra \u00edt nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sau nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, CPU v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 CPU ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi 3 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00ecm n\u1ea1p<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u1ea1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t l\u1ec7nh. L\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb CPU t\u1eeb RAM. M\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t l\u1ec7nh ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thao t\u00e1c n\u00e0o, n\u00ean CPU c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0o s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp theo. \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 l\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t Program Counter- b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfm ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh (PC). PC v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t Instruction Register-thanh ghi l\u1ec7nh (IR). \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a PC s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a l\u1ec7nh ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Khi m\u1ed9t l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm n\u1ea1p v\u00e0 l\u01b0u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong IR, CPU s\u1ebd truy\u1ec1n l\u1ec7nh t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 l\u1ec7nh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ec7nh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd CPU \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ef1c thi<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 v\u00e0 g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a CPU \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t CPU register \u2013 n\u01a1i ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham chi\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh sau \u0111\u00f3. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n th\u00ec n\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
CPU c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau l\u00f5i?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ban \u0111\u1ea7u CPU ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u00f5i \u0111\u01a1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n CPU, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb n\u00ean m\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t minh ra m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed7i phi t\u01b0\u1eddng. Khi CPU \u0111\u01a1n l\u00f5i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a CPU. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00fac xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef l\u00f5i k\u00e9p, l\u00f5i t\u1ee9 hay \u0111a l\u00f5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
CPU l\u00f5i k\u00e9p ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 2 CPU ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t chip, cho ph\u00e9p CPU x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t l\u00fac b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng l\u00f5i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd, v\u1eeba l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd. Ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u00f5i t\u1ee9 4 CPU th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 b\u1ed9 vi x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111a l\u00f5i v\u1edbi 8 CPU. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 si\u00eau ph\u00e2n lu\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 16 l\u00f5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd trung t\u00e2m CPU nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o th\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ee7a CPU l\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb GHz ho\u1eb7c MHz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng chip b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y xung nh\u1ecbp cao h\u01a1n, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu gi\u1eefa 2 d\u00f2ng chip kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 core i3 s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y 2 nh\u00e2n xung nh\u1ecbp 2.2GHz v\u00e0 Intel Pentium Dual core 2.3GHz. L\u00fac n\u00e0y kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh ch\u00fang v\u1edbi nhau v\u00ec t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00fac n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ee7a laptop c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m, RAM hay c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 chip, \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda, \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng,\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00f3 2 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t CPU \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Intel v\u00e0 AMD. M\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c h\u00e3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t laptop \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 HP, Dell,\u2026v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eabu m\u00e1y v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i CPU kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a CPU<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a CPU gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u201cthen ch\u1ed1t\u201d h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. CPU ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m trong vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh. CPU c\u00e0ng nhanh th\u00ec t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng nhanh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 CPU m\u00e1y t\u00ednh th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. Cho d\u00f9 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i 3D m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t. T\u1ef1u chung, b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 CPU m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. B\u1edfi t\u1ea5t c\u00e1c c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i CPU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd trung t\u00e2m CPU l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, n\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh lu\u00f4n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a CPU. Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd g\u1ed3m si\u00eau ph\u00e2n lu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111a l\u00f5i \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hy v\u1ecdng v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung th\u00f4ng tin trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m CPU l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00e1c, qu\u00fd b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc h\u00e3y truy c\u1eadp website Vietlearn.org \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn CPU l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng linh ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, l\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, laptop. V\u1eady CPU l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ra sao? T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vietlearn.org […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3537","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3537","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3537"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3537\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3537"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3537"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3537"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}