ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh to\u00e1n<\/a> h\u1ecdc 6. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu \u00edch kh\u00e1c, h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung th\u00f4ng tin trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Vietlearn.org!<\/p>\n\n\n\nR l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p s\u1ed1 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, R l\u00e0 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 s\u1ed1 h\u1eefu t\u1ec9 v\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u1ec9. R ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u1eadp s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean t\u1eadp s\u1ed1. Nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, c\u1eadp t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean N = {0, 1, 2,\u2026}, t\u1eadp s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean Z = {\u2026-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2,\u2026}\u2026t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1eadp s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u1eadp con c\u1ee7a R. V\u00e0 c\u1ea3 s\u1ed1 v\u00f4 t\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 II = 3,144592 hay = 1,414214\u2026.T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c R.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eadp h\u1ee3p s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c c\u00f3 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 R (R = Q U I) trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Z l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Q l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p s\u1ed1 h\u1eefu t\u1ec9<\/p>\n\n\n\n
I = RQ t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p s\u1ed1 v\u00f4 t\u1ec9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c s\u1ed1. V\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed7i \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c s\u1ed1 s\u1ebd bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y tr\u1ee5c s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p R, ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n c\u1ed9ng, tr\u1eeb, nh\u00e2n, chia, l\u0169y th\u1eeba,\u2026v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n trong t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 h\u1eefu t\u1ec9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 \u00e2m ho\u1eb7c s\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ed5ng hay t\u00edch c\u1ee7a 2 s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng \u00e2m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng \u00e2m<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p con v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
R l\u00e0 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e9p nh\u00e2n c\u00f9ng ph\u00e9p chia cho c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c 0. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c ho\u00e0nh theo c\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch v\u1edbi ph\u00e9p c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e9p nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c R cho bi\u1ebft n\u1ebfu t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n tr\u00ean th\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1eadn tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c R trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eadp h\u1ee3p R l\u00e0 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c, bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ed1 h\u1eefu t\u1ec9 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 v\u00f4 t\u1ec9<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 -5, 2, 3, -8,\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 4\/3, 8\/5,\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f3 kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eafc m\u1eafc 0 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng. C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 b\u1edfi s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 0, s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u00e2m. T\u1eadp h\u1ee3p s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
R l\u00e0 g\u00ec trong h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u trong \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1, R c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc, R \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u00e1n k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00f2n n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebfp tam gi\u00e1c. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t r c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh chu vi c\u1ee7a di\u1ec7n t\u00edch h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Chu vi: C = dII = 2r.II<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch: S= \u03c0R\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung th\u00f4ng tin trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u201cR l\u00e0 t\u1eadp s\u1ed1 g\u00ec? R l\u00e0 g\u00ec trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc? Cho v\u00ed d\u1ee5\u201d, hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u00edch v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n. Truy c\u1eadp website Vietlearn.org \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu \u00edch kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn R l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p s\u1ed1 g\u00ec? R l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc 6. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu \u00edch kh\u00e1c, h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung th\u00f4ng tin trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4013","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4013","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4013"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4013\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4013"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4013"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4013"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}