{"id":4100,"date":"2021-11-15T13:45:29","date_gmt":"2021-11-15T06:45:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=4100"},"modified":"2021-11-15T13:45:30","modified_gmt":"2021-11-15T06:45:30","slug":"dinh-luat-phan-xa-anh-sang-la-gi-noi-dung-ly-thuyet-va-bai-tap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/dinh-luat-phan-xa-anh-sang-la-gi-noi-dung-ly-thuyet-va-bai-tap\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? N\u1ed9i dung l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc V\u1eadt l\u00fd 7. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quen thu\u1ed9c trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n, qu\u00fd b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eebng b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 n\u1ed9i dung th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean 2 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi g\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1eb3ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1eb3ng t\u1ea1o ra \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc g\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1eadt nh\u1eb5n b\u00f3ng, ph\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1eb3ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5m g\u1ed7 ph\u1eb3ng, m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1eb3ng hay t\u00e2m kim lo\u1ea1i nh\u1eb5n,\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi tia s\u00e1ng t\u1edbi, g\u1eb7p g\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec tia s\u00e1ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb h\u1eaft tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, khi m\u1ed9t tia s\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o th\u00ec tia s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec ph\u00e1t ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n, m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng, ng\u1ecdn n\u1ebfn,\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u00e1ng b\u00f3ng hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t x\u1ec9n m\u00e0u ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, khi c\u00e1c tia s\u00e1ng ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu t\u1eeb g\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng quang h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 2 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u1ea3nh th\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh \u1ea3o. \u1ea2nh th\u1eadt l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh c\u00f2n \u1ea3nh \u1ea3o l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">=&gt; \u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? D\u1ef1a theo n\u1ed9i dung gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p c\u00f3 trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh V\u1eadt l\u00fd 7, \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cTia ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 n\u1eb1m trong m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng ch\u1ee9a tia t\u1edbi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3n t\u1edbi. G\u00f3c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 b\u1eb1ng g\u00f3c t\u1edbi\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I: \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1edbi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">IN: Ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ebfn<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SI v\u00e0 IR l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 g\u00f3c t\u1edbi v\u00e0 g\u00f3c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a tia ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng g\u00f3c NIR = i\u2019 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 g\u00f3c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a tia t\u1edbi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng g\u00f3c SIN = i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 g\u00f3c t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 2 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t ch\u00f9m \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1edbi song song \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 l\u1ea1i song song theo m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c tia t\u1edbi song song v\u1eabn song song ngay c\u1ea3 khi ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1, \u0111i theo m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1eb5n. Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t g\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1eb3ng t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf, g\u00f3c t\u1edbi v\u00e0 g\u00f3c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 l\u00e0 g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng nhau n\u00ean m\u1ed9t ch\u00f9m tia song song r\u01a1i tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1eb5n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 ch\u00f9m tia sangs ong song theo m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t ch\u00f9m \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1edbi song song \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 theo c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c nhau. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c tia t\u1edbi song song v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i song song sau khi ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1, ch\u00fang b\u1ecb tan x\u1ea1 theo c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gh\u1ec1 gh\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea5y, b\u00eca c\u1ee9ng,\u2026.hay c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng n\u00ean g\u00f3c t\u1edbi v\u00e0 g\u00f3c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00e1c tia song song r\u01a1i tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t g\u1ed3 gh\u1ec1 \u0111i theo c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1ch v\u1ebd tia t\u1edbi, ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh g\u00f3c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1, g\u00f3c t\u1edbi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1ef1a theo \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, ta s\u1ebd suy ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tia ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tia t\u1edbi qua g\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1eb3ng. \u0110\u1ec3 v\u1ebd tia ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 khi bi\u1ebft tia t\u1edbi, ta th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ebd ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ebfn NN\u2019 vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi g\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1edbi I<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m A b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 tr\u00ean tia t\u1edbi SI<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u1ebb \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1eb3ng AA\u2019 vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ebfn NN\u2019 t\u1ea1i H sao cho AH = HA\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ebd tia IA\u2019. Tia IA\u2019 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tia ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 c\u1ea7n v\u1ebd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1ch t\u00ednh g\u00f3c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1, g\u00f3c t\u1edbi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 b\u00e0i cho, b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u00f3c h\u1ee3p b\u1edfi tia t\u1edbi v\u00e0 tia ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1, ta t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00f3c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 g\u00f3c t\u1edbi. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 tia t\u1edbi vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee9c i\u2019 = i = 00 =&gt; \u03b1 = \u03b2 = 90 \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00ec tia ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi tia t\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. C\u00f2n tia t\u1edbi tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee9c i\u2019 = i = 90 \u0111\u1ed9 =&gt; \u03b1 = \u03b2 = 90 \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00ec tia ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi tia t\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng chi\u1ec1u v\u1edbi tia t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t g\u01b0\u01a1ng khi bi\u1ebft tia t\u1edbi v\u00e0 tia ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1edbi I: Tia t\u1edbi v\u00e0 tia ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 c\u1eaft nhau t\u1ea1i I<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u00f3c h\u1ee3p b\u1edfi tia t\u1edbi v\u00e0 tia ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1: i + i\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ebfn NN\u2019: V\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n gi\u00e1c NIN\u2019 c\u1ee7a g\u00f3c i +i\u2019. NN\u2019 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ebfn<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7t g\u01b0\u01a1ng: T\u1eeb I k\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ebfn, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t g\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u00f3c quay c\u1ee7a tia t\u1edbi, tia ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a g\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec1 b\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n t\u00ecm c\u00e1c g\u00f3c b\u1eb1ng nhau. Sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ecm m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c g\u00f3c li\u00ean quan r\u1ed3i suy ra g\u00f3c t\u1edbi, tia ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a g\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1: N\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tia ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 n\u1eb1m trong m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng ch\u1ee9a tia t\u1edbi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tia ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 b\u1eb1ng tia t\u1edbi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u00f3c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 b\u1eb1ng g\u00f3c t\u1edbi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u00f3c h\u1ee3p b\u1edfi tia t\u1edbi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ebfn b\u1eb1ng g\u00f3c h\u1ee3p b\u1edfi tia ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ebfn<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u1ee3i \u00fd \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n: B<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2: Chi\u1ebfu 1 tia t\u1edbi SI l\u00ean m\u1ed9t g\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1eb3ng ho\u1eb7c 1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t tia ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 IR v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o v\u1edbi tia t\u1edbi SI m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c 60 \u0111\u1ed9. T\u00ecm gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a g\u00f3c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 r, g\u00f3c t\u1edbi i. (L\u01b0u \u00fd: quy \u01b0\u1edbc i l\u00e0 g\u00f3c t\u1edbi c\u00f2n r l\u00e0 g\u00f3c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A.i = r = 80 \u0111\u1ed9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">i = r = 30 \u0111\u1ed9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">i = 30 \u0111\u1ed9, r = 40 \u0111\u1ed9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">i = r = 60 \u0111\u1ed9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u1ee3i \u00fd \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n: Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng th\u00ec g\u00f3c t\u1edbi s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n b\u1eb1ng g\u00f3c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 t\u1ee9c i = r. Do \u0111\u00f3 ta lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n C khi m\u00e0 i # r. Ta c\u00f3 i = r m\u00e0 i + r = 60 \u0111\u1ed9 \u2014-&gt; i = r = 30 \u0111\u1ed9, v\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 B.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung th\u00f4ng tin trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u201c\u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? N\u1ed9i dung l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp\u201d s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u00edch b\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u1eadt l\u00fd, qu\u00fd b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc truy c\u1eadp website Vietlearn.org<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc V\u1eadt l\u00fd 7. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quen thu\u1ed9c trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n, qu\u00fd b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eebng b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4100","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-general"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4100","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4100"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4100\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4100"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4100"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4100"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}