\u0110i\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 1 kilov\u00f4n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n 20 kilov\u00f4n. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p t\u0103ng \u00e1p \u0111\u01b0a \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i tr\u0103m kilov\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3, r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i. Khi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p h\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1eebng c\u1ea5p cho t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. V\u00ec sao trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao \u00e1p si\u00eau cao nh\u1ec9?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p si\u00eau cao l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i. Ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y qua b\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u00ec khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i qua d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng. C\u0169ng v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean l\u00ed \u1ea5y, d\u00e2y t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Cho d\u00f9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u00f4m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n, song v\u00ec d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i r\u1ea5t d\u00e0i, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khi \u1ea5y, ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y t\u1ea3i s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 \u00edch trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ch\u1eafc b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ngh\u0129, li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch g\u00ec gi\u1ea3m nh\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn hay kh\u00f4ng? Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5y, song l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng kinh t\u1ebf. C\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m nh\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ngang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng l\u00e0m cho l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o d\u00e2y d\u1eabn t\u0103ng l\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, m\u00e0 d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd n\u1eb7ng l\u00ean, c\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 th\u00e1p d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee1 d\u00e2y c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i gia c\u1ed1, t\u1ed1n ph\u00ed cho to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng si\u00eau d\u1eabn. Song cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u si\u00eau d\u1eabn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cao nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng t\u1edbi \u2013 10077\u00b0C th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. Cho n\u00ean d\u00f9ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u si\u00eau d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f2n xa v\u1eddi v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1eadt l\u00ed m\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang ta: trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau hao c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi b\u00ecnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, gi\u1ea3m nh\u1ecf d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1ecf l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng. Nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1ecf d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n? V\u00ec c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng t\u00edch s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng cao \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1ea3m nh\u1ecf d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, gi\u1ea3m nh\u1ecf s\u1ef1 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, mu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t 200 kW, n\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n 2 kV \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong d\u00e2y d\u1eabn s\u1ebd l\u00e0 100 ampe. L\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn l\u00e0 10 \u00f4m. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t tr\u00ean d\u00e2y t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd l\u00e0 100 kW, chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i. N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i cao l\u00ean 100 l\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi 200 kV, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong d\u00e2y d\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 1 ampe. Khi \u1ea5y, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t tr\u00ean d\u00e2y t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 10 kW, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi 1\/10000 c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t khi d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p 2 kV \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00e2ng cao \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng, th\u1ebf th\u00ec, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng? Do vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i kh\u00e1c, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed gi\u1eefa d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh xuy\u00ean, x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ed3 quang khi m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t\u2026, hi\u1ec7n nay, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p si\u00eau cao d\u00f9ng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xa l\u00e0 500 – 1000 kV. N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n n\u00e2ng cao \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c \u1ea5y th\u00ec c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u1ede ngo\u1ea1i \u00f4, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean c\u00e1c th\u00e1p th\u00e9p cao \u0111\u1ee1 d\u00e2y t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 treo nhi\u1ec1u x\u00e2u s\u1ee9 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ra v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p si\u00eau cao. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a> ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f2n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi m\u0129 quan t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: T\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i; T\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n si\u00eau cao; C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t;<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0110i\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 1 kilov\u00f4n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n 20 kilov\u00f4n. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p t\u0103ng \u00e1p \u0111\u01b0a \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i tr\u0103m kilov\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3, r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i. Khi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5732","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-vat-ly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5732","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5732"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5732\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5732"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5732"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5732"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}