Vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, ngo\u00e0i nhu c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng si\u00eau s\u1ea1ch ra, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh trong ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn kh\u00ed nit\u01a1, kh\u00ed oxi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00ed n\u00e0y lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u1edf trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng. Khi ch\u00fang chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt th\u1ec3, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u00e1m d\u00ednh l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00f3. Trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng sinh ra \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng g\u00ec m\u1ea5y. Song \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t linh ki\u1ec7n b\u00e1n d\u1eabn c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ef1c cao v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh th\u00ec s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 g\u00e2y ra cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1eafm chuy\u1ec7n phi\u1ec1n to\u00e1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t linh ki\u1ec7n b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec1u bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng. N\u1ebfu gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 l\u1eabn ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00ed v\u00e0o th\u00ec t\u00ednh n\u0103ng quang ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a linh ki\u1ec7n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 mong mu\u1ed1n tr\u00ean l\u1edbp tinh th\u1ec3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp tinh th\u1ec3 n\u1eefa (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u1ecdai di\u00ean), ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00ed b\u1ecb b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e1y h\u00fat d\u00ednh, s\u1ebd c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf nguy\u00ean t\u1eed b\u00ean tr\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00f3 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 theo c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng tinh th\u1ec3. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft trong l\u1edbp ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean, nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng ra tinh th\u1ec3, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111a tinh th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c phi tinh th\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n kh\u00f4ng theo m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 n\u00e0o c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u1ede \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t atmotphe, tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tinh th\u1ec3, trong m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb v\u00e0i tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u c\u00fa va \u0111\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00ed. Cho n\u00ean, mu\u1ed1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tinh th\u1ec3 s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m cho m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00ed xu\u1ed1ng t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0i tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng h\u00f2m b\u1ecbt k\u00edn to nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ee7 ki\u1ec3u, v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t minh ra \u0111\u1ee7 lo\u1ea1i b\u01a1m ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng, r\u00fat kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong nh\u1eefng h\u00f2m b\u1ecbt k\u00edn \u1ea5y ra, l\u00e0m cho b\u00ean trong h\u00f2m tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u0129a laze (CD, VCD v\u00e0 DVD) v\u00e0 m\u00e1y laze b\u00e1n d\u1eabn trong truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng s\u1ee3i quang, m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p vi s\u00f3ng trong ra\u0111a ho\u1eb7c trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u1ec7 tinh, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh trong h\u00f2m ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00e0ng cao, t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a linh ki\u1ec7n b\u00e1n d\u1eabn ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c ra c\u0169ng c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. Hi\u1ec7n nay, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u linh ki\u1ec7n b\u00e1n d\u1eabn c\u00f3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng cao \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c ra trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng si\u00eau cao. Mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng si\u00eau cao th\u00ec m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00ed trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0i tr\u0103m t\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0i tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn t\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n! M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng si\u00eau cao \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u00fat kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u00e0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eaft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ngo\u00e0i ra, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gia c\u00f4ng linh ki\u1ec7n b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u01b0 ch\u00f9m electron, ch\u00f9m ion v\u00e0 ch\u00f9m ph\u00e2n t\u1eed v.v. \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t n\u00e0y, r\u00fat ng\u1eafn r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u qu\u2022ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, k\u1ebft c\u1ee5c l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gia c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Linh ki\u1ec7n b\u00e1n d\u1eabn; B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tinh th\u1ec3; Ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng, Ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, ngo\u00e0i nhu c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng si\u00eau s\u1ea1ch ra, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh trong ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn kh\u00ed nit\u01a1, kh\u00ed oxi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n t\u1eed […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5750","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-vat-ly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5750","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5750"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5750\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5750"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5750"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5750"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}