C\u1ee5c pin nho nh\u1ecf gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i kho \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t ra \u0111i\u1ec7n. Pin l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong n\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u00e1 n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng. C\u1ee5c pin kh\u00f4 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n ho\u00e1 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 n\u00f3 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng h\u1ebft r\u1ed3i th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa. C\u00f2n pin n\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n (\u0103c quy), tuy c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c m\u1ea5y v\u1edbi pin kh\u00f4 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9ng h\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec7n r\u1ed3i, n\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0o th\u00ec v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfp, v\u1eeba ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba c\u00f3 \u00edch thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c. Pin n\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00ec sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ea1p \u0111i n\u1ea1p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ec9? \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pin kh\u00f4 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m. C\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ecfi than c\u00f3 n\u1eafp \u0111\u1ed3ng, c\u00f2n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i v\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng k\u1ebdm c\u1ee7a pin. Khi ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, k\u1ebdm v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n d\u1ea1ng h\u1ed3 d\u00e1n x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc, sinh ra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, k\u1ebdm d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n b\u1ecb ti\u00eau hao \u0111i, ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng sinh ra c\u0169ng d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 l\u1ea1i. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc, l\u00e0m cho d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00f3ng ra suy y\u1ebfu d\u1ea7n. Khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n suy y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng sao s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta n\u00f3i pin \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec7n. Tuy \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch b\u1ed5 sung thay m\u1edbi cho ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t trong pin kh\u00f4, song l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c, gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 cao. Cho n\u00ean, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta v\u1ee9t c\u1ee5c pin kh\u00f4 h\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 thu h\u1ed3i r\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f2n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng trong pin n\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi pin kh\u00f4. Pin niken – ca\u0111imi d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n gia d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y tr\u1ee3 th\u00ednh, ra\u0111i\u00f4 b\u1ecf t\u00fai, \u0111\u00e8n ch\u1edbp s\u00e1ng ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh, v.v. l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i acquy ki\u1ec1m. Trong pin niken – ca\u0111imi, t\u1eebng \u00f4 t\u1eebng \u00f4 xen k\u1ebd c\u1eafm \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n nhau tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m l\u00e1 s\u00e1ch, l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m c\u1ef1c \u00e2m c\u1ee7a pin. C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1i n\u1eafp b\u00ean tr\u00ean, c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m c\u1ef1c \u00e2m l\u1ea1i n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o v\u1ecf ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a pin. C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u1ef1c \u00e2m h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 gi\u1ed1ng nhau, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eafp \u1edf b\u00ean trong th\u00ec kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ef1c l\u00e0 niken hi\u0111roxit, c\u00f2n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m \u00e2m c\u1ef1c l\u00e0 v\u1eadt h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ca\u0111imi v\u00e0 s\u1eaft. C\u00e1c c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00e2m c\u1ee7a pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2m trong c\u00e1i h\u1ed9p pin \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea7y dung d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n kali hi\u0111roxit v\u00e0 natri hi\u0111roxit trong m\u00e0ng pin. \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba t\u1ea5m c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00e2m ch\u1ea1m nhau, gi\u1eefa m\u1ed7i t\u1ea5m c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00e2m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng cao su c\u1ee9ng. Ph\u1ea7n v\u1ecf d\u00f9ng hai l\u1edbp ph\u00f2ng n\u1ed5 b\u1ecbt k\u00edn. V\u1ecf ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m, n\u1eafp pin l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Khi lo\u1ea1i pin n\u00e0y ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 th\u00e0nh niken hi\u0111roxit y\u1ebfu, ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m c\u1ef1c \u00e2m chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 th\u00e0nh ca\u0111imi hi\u0111roxit v\u00e0 sinh ra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Khi \u1ea5y, ho\u00e1 n\u0103ng d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef c\u1ee7a pin s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng. Sau khi d\u00f9ng h\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1i n\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ea1p cho pin niken – ca\u0111imi. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc k\u1ec3 \u1edf tr\u00ean li\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadn ngh\u1ecbch. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00e2m l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ban \u0111\u1ea7u, qua \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u l\u1ea1i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh ho\u00e1 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a acquy, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. Cho n\u00ean pin niken-ca\u0111imi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ea1p \u0111i n\u1ea1p l\u1ea1i, s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n n\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi h\u01a1n 800 l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0102c quy c\u00f3 t\u00ednh baz\u01a1 ngo\u00e0i pin niken – ca\u0111imi, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 pin s\u1eaft-niken, pin b\u1ea1c-k\u1ebdm v.v. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n. M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i acquy kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 acquy axit, nh\u01b0 acquy ch\u00ec, d\u00f9ng dung d\u1ecbch axit lo\u00e3 ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n, t\u1ea5m oxit ch\u00ec l\u00e0m c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00ec d\u1ea1ng ch\u1ea5t x\u1ed1p l\u00e0m c\u1ef1c \u00e2m. \u0102c quy ch\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00f4 t\u00f4, t\u00e0u ho\u1ea3, thuy\u1ec1n b\u00e8 v.v., cung c\u1ea5p d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1t trong khi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0102c quy axit v\u00e0 \u0103c quy ki\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ea1p \u0111i n\u1ea1p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ch\u00fang l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadn ngh\u1ecbch, khi ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 n\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1eabn nhau gi\u1eefa ho\u00e1 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Do tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u1ea1n d\u1ea7n, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y c\u00e1c nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0: mazut, x\u0103ng, ga v.v. c\u00f2n g\u00e2y n\u00ean \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn: c\u00f3 n\u00ean d\u00f9ng pin n\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u00f4 t\u00f4 c\u1ea7n hay kh\u00f4ng. Nh\u01b0ng, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n nay th\u00ec pin n\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 “\u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh” c\u1ee7a nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 x\u0103ng v.v. Ch\u1ec9 khi n\u00e0o pin n\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eadt l\u1edbn, gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00ec m\u1edbi so t\u00e0i cao th\u1ea5p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111ang th\u0103m d\u00f2 v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00eam m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0a ra thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a> lo\u1ea1i \u00f4 t\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed1t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 x\u0103ng v.v. s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Pin; Pin n\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0102c quy. Pin niken – ca\u0111imi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" C\u1ee5c pin nho nh\u1ecf gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i kho \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t ra \u0111i\u1ec7n. Pin l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong n\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u00e1 n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng. C\u1ee5c pin kh\u00f4 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n ho\u00e1 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 n\u00f3 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5762","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-vat-ly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5762","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5762"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5762\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5762"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5762"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5762"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}