N\u0103m 1997, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u0129 g\u1ed1c Hoa nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00ed h\u1ecdc – gi\u1ea3i Nobel v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt l\u00ed. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u1eadt l\u00ed Chu \u0110\u1ec7 V\u0103n, n\u0103m \u1ea5y 50 tu\u1ed5i, thu\u1ed9c Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Stanford c\u1ee7a M\u0129. Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ed9t xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u00ean l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u1eadt l\u00ed l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng laze l\u00e0m cho nguy\u00ean t\u1eed “ngu\u1ed9i” \u0111i, sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f3m b\u1eaft ch\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho nguy\u00ean t\u1eed chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng theo \u00fd mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00ec sao laze c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho nguy\u00ean t\u1eed “ngu\u1ed9i” \u0111i? Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi thao t\u00fang nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u00f3 \u00edch l\u1ee3i g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ho\u00e1 ra l\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u do ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh, m\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, nguy\u00ean t\u1eed lu\u00f4n \u1edf trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00f4 quy t\u1eafc. Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong ph\u00f2ng, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, nguy\u00ean t\u1eed trong ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed l\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 si\u00eau \u00e2m1, c\u00f2n nhanh h\u01a1n m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c n\u00f3i chung. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00f3m b\u1eaft nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong ph\u00fat ch\u1ed1c n\u00e0y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m cho t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho nguy\u00ean t\u1eed “ngu\u1ed9i” \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00f3m b\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng do laze ph\u00e1t ra kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 t\u1eadp trung n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf. L\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 d\u00f9ng v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng laze v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu b\u1eb1ng laze. Khi d\u00f9ng laze l\u00e0m “ngu\u1ed9i” nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t ch\u00f9m tia laze chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 l\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eed \u1edf h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f3n \u0111\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. Sau khi va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t photon, nguy\u00ean t\u1eed s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t \u00edt. Qua nh\u1eefng va ch\u1ea1m nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f4 k\u1ec3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c photon, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed li\u1ec1n ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 xu\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5p. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng th\u1ea5p, d\u00f9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng laze l\u00e0m “ngu\u1ed9i” nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed khi m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea1y, th\u1ebf th\u00ec khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y 80 tu\u1ed5i, th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 ra ch\u00eanh nhau v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u0103m tri\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y. Hi\u1ec7n nay, tr\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u1ec7 tinh d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ed3i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng qua v\u1ec7 tinh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0o tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong v\u00f2ng 1 m\u00e9t. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng s\u1ee3i quang \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, v\u00ec t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i quang r\u1ea5t nhanh, \u1edf hai n\u01a1i c\u00e1ch xa nhau h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n d\u1eb7m, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed m\u1edbi b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Nguy\u00ean t\u1eed; L\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i b\u1eb1ng laze; \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
N\u0103m 1997, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u0129 g\u1ed1c Hoa nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00ed h\u1ecdc – gi\u1ea3i Nobel v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt l\u00ed. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u1eadt l\u00ed Chu \u0110\u1ec7 V\u0103n, n\u0103m \u1ea5y 50 tu\u1ed5i, thu\u1ed9c Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Stanford c\u1ee7a M\u0129. Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ed9t xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u00ean l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u1eadt l\u00ed l\u00e0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5846","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-vat-ly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5846","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5846"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5846\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5846"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5846"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5846"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}