N\u0103m 1928, nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00ed ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh, Dirac, d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. \u00d4ng cho r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f4i b\u00ean nh\u01b0 nhau, song l\u1ea1i mang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nhau. Nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. M\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 trong V\u0169 Tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ee9ng ph\u1ea3n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1eb1ng tinh, ph\u1ea3n h\u1ec7 tinh v.v. Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t va \u0111\u1eadp v\u1edbi h\u1ea1t ph\u1ea3n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd hu\u1ef7 nhau v\u00e0 sinh ra m\u1ed9t tia \u03b3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ed1n n\u0103m sau, l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c. Nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00ed ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u0129, Edison, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t. Khi d\u00f9ng bu\u1ed3ng t\u1ea1o m\u00e2y m\u00f9 \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tia V\u0169 Tr\u1ee5, \u00f4ng quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y v\u1ec7t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t. Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng electron nh\u01b0ng mang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 electron d\u01b0\u01a1ng (pozitron). N\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ee9ng ph\u1ea3n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a electron. N\u0103m 1955, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00ed c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m Lawrence Berkeley s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y gia t\u1ed1c h\u1ea1t sinh ra ph\u1ea3n proton. C\u0169ng n\u0103m \u1ea5y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m v\u1eadt l\u00ed h\u1ea1t Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, g\u1ea7n Gen\u00e8ve, th\u00f4ng qua m\u00e1y gia t\u1ed1c h\u1ea1t sinh ra pozatron v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n proton, v\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau sinh ra ph\u1ea3n nguy\u00ean t\u1eed hi\u0111ro. Song c\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i trong nh\u00e1y m\u1eaft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ea5y n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c ki\u1ec3m tr\u1eafc tinh x\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f2 t\u00ecm ph\u1ea3n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t trong V\u0169 Tr\u1ee5. M\u00e1y th\u00e1m tr\u1eafc ph\u1ea3n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t \u00edt electron d\u01b0\u01a1ng (pozitron) v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n proton trong tia V\u0169 Tr\u1ee5, c\u00f2n v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i n\u1eb7ng th\u00ec ngay c\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh b\u00f3ng c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra. Song c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc tin r\u1eb1ng, ph\u1ea3n h\u1eb1ng tinh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n tinh h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111ang \u1ea9n n\u1ea5p n\u01a1i s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m trong V\u0169 Tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Ph\u1ea3n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t; Hu\u1ef7 nhau; Electron d\u01b0\u01a1ng; Ph\u1ea3n proton<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
N\u0103m 1928, nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00ed ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh, Dirac, d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. \u00d4ng cho r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f4i b\u00ean nh\u01b0 nhau, song l\u1ea1i mang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nhau. Nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t n\u00e0y […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5852","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-vat-ly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5852","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5852"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5852\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5852"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5852"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5852"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}